CATEGORIES	SUBCATEGORIES AND CODES
CATEGORY 1. SOCIAL FACTORS	RELATED WITH PARENTAL SOCIAL STATUS: Socioeconomic status, Low or medium income, Social class, Occupation of the parents, Economic situation of family, Educational level of the parents (particularly maternal education), Unemployment of the parents, Poverty, Social vulnerabilities, Prolonged maternal full-time employment, Parental unemployment (particularly paternal unemployment, Migrant status, Occupational prestige, Poor quality of life, Parental cognitions
	RELATED WITH SPECIFIC TIME PERIODS: The impact of COVID-19, The impact of the measures for the management of COVID-19, Consumption of cheap and easily available high-calorie food as a lifestyle, Decreased or lack of physical activity as a lifestyle, Lifestyle changes in teenagers, Overconsumption of foods and beverages as a lifestyle, Lack of undertaking physical activity in sport clubs in boys, Change in nutritional habits, Social changes, Generation specific effects, Lifestyle behaviors during pregnancy, Snacking dietary pattern in school children
	RELATED WITH SPECIFIC GEOGRAPHIC LOCATIONS AND CULTURES: Living in rural areas, Poor-quality environments, Early feeding practices supported by family culture, Socioeconomic deprivation during the prenatal period and early childhood, Epidemiologic and demographic transitions, Urbanization, Affluence, Political environment, Failing economic environment, Cultural effects, Social inequality as a result of economic insecurity
	RELATED WITH SPECIFIC IDEOLOGIES: Cultural beliefs that define a larger infant as representing a healthy and active child, Bogus beliefs and taboos, The concept that “chubby children look cute and lovely”, The concept that “overweight is a minor problem”, The concept that “a large infant is an indication of successful mothering”, Low subjective perceptions of social position, Gender inequalities, Gender roles, Women having primary responsibility in food parenting practices and nutrition, Fathers’ and mother’s beliefs and concerns about nutrition and physical activity, Mistakes of the parents on children’s appropriate diet and weight
	RELATED WITH SOCIAL NETWORKS AND OTHER INFLUENCING FACTORS: Lack of support of parents in interventions aimed at the prevention and management of overweight, School environment, Lack of school-based strategies for obesity prevention, Low support from formal and informal sources, Low social support, Minimal social networks, Societal neglect, Lack of guidance of recommended dietary guidelines, Bereavement, Language barrier, Culture shock and lack of acceptance by the new nation in migrant children, Psychosocial stress and feelings of insecurity, Effect of the media, Intergenerational transmission of social disadvantage and health outcomes, Lack of nutritional discipline
CATEGORY 2. GENETIC AND BIOLOGICAL FACTORS	GENETIC FACTORS: Age (greater effects on youngest), Gender (greater genetic effects on boys), Combination of the gender of both parent and child, Child’s birth weight, Familial height and weight, Height, Mother’s age at delivery, The composition of bacteria in the gut, the human microbiome, Genes influencing dopamine and serotonin function, Changes to the precursor stem cell of adipose cells and neurons related to appetite regulation, Epigenetic adaptations and changes, Intergenerational influences, Genetic makeup of individuals, Slow metabolism, Genomics
	BIOLOGICAL FACTORS: Mechanism of metabolic programming, Heredity, Monogenic or endocrine causes, Metabolic pathways, Hormonal signaling, Altered glucose metabolism, Growth trajectory, Epigenetic influences that cause heritable alterations in gene expression, Intergenerational transfer of obesity, Intrauterine environment and biological programming, Developmental origins of disease, Low fat-free mass, Functional connectivity between the ventral striatum and emotion/motor preparation structures, Connectivity between the ventral striatum and amygdala and attention-related regions, Inflammatory markers, Earlier onset of puberty in females
	FACTORS DURING PREGNANCY AND PRENATAL PERIOD: Mother’s diet during pregnancy, Maternal weight gain during pregnancy, Maternal obesity during the first trimester of pregnancy, Excess maternal weight prior to conception, Healthy diet and regular physical activity during pregnancy, Altered metabolism in offspring resulting from variations in the father’s diet, Hormonal signaling during pregnancy, Altered glucose metabolism during pregnancy, Exposure to leptin during the prenatal period, Changes in certain metabolic pathways during pregnancy, Alterations in maternal metabolism, Under- and overnutrition and micronutrient intake during pregnancy, Maternal biology, Gestational diabetes, Greater methylation of specific genes prenatally, Mothers unique influence on offspring body composition, possibly through intrauterine mechanisms, Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG), Rapid infant weight gain, Excess weight at ages 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years, Maternal and parental smoking during the prenatal period, Exercise during pregnancy, The food that a mother consumes and the experiences of taste and smell that function during fetal life, Changes to the placenta, Exercise during pregnancy
	BIOLOGICAL AND OTHER INDICATORS FROM THE PARENTS: Abnormal body mass in at least one of the parents, Obesity in both parents affects boys and girls, Obese parents affect sons, Obese mothers affect daughters, Parents slimness in childhood, Parent’s diet, Taste and nutrition preferences of parents, Parents’ smoking habits affect children and especially girls, Paternal and maternal smoking during pregnancy, Mothers’ nutritional status throughout her life, Food cue responsiveness, Maternal smoking during her life
CATEGORY 3. FAMILY CONDITION-RELATED FACTORS	PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL FACTORS RELATED WITH FAMILY AND PARENTS: Stress-coping styles presented by the mothers, Maternal stress, Lack of the ability of parents to regulate their emotions (sadness, stress, etc.), Child maltreatment, Quality of child care, Instrumental feeding, Emotional feeding, The parents’ experience of stress after the birth of the child and during toddlerhood, Insufficient capacity of mothers to decode nonverbal expressions of emotions, Fathers’ mixed levels of self-efficacy in food and activity parenting practices, Resistance from children as a major barrier to promoting healthy eating and physical activity at home
	FAMILY-MEMBERS RELATIONAL FACTORS: Difficulties in family relationships, Poor family functioning, Home environment factors, Emotional climate during meals, Poor communication, Poor behavior control, High levels of family conflict, Low family hierarchy values, Discord between parents, Violence, Household dysfunction, The role of food in family gatherings, Family cohesion and flexibility, Family food rules or rituals
	COGNITIVE PERCEPTIONS AND BEHAVIORAL FACTORS OF THE PARENTS: Taste and nutrition preferences of parents, Mothers’ nutritional status throughout her life, Parental healthy modeling, Low parental concerns about their child’s thinness, Parental concern about child weight, Parental difficulty in recognizing weight problems, Parental perceptions of the diet, Authoritative feeding style, Authoritarian (restrictive) feeding style, Autonomy-supportive food parenting practices
	PREVAILING FAMILY CONDITIONS: Having only one son in the family, Parental separation or divorce, Living with a substance abuser, Imprisonment of a household member, Witnessing a parent being abused, Living with a mentally ill person, The effect of birth order, Being part of nontraditional families, Number of children in family, Adverse experiences in childhood, Limited time to take care of children
CATEGORY 4. PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS	MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES: Depression, Anxiety, Eating disorders, Coping with stress, Infant’s temperament, Autism spectrum disorders, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Alexithymia, Behavior disorders, Negative emotionality, Negative self-evaluation, Poor self-image, Body dissatisfaction, Conduct problems, Hyperkinetic disorders (hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity), Peer relationship problems and prosocial behavior, Coping with stressful situations, Coping with traumatic experiences
	PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS CONNECTED WITH FOOD CONSUMPTION: Emotion regulation with food, Disturbing behavior, Neophobia (fear of new foods), Food addiction, Tantrums over food, Delay of gratification, Overeating amongst girls, Binge eating, Emotional feeding from parents, Inability to monitor food intake, Emotional eating, Eating in the absence of hunger, Higher food responsiveness (being attracted to food and eating)
	COPING WITH EMOTIONS ISSUES: Psychological control, Behavioral regulation, Social-emotional competence, Emotion and self-regulation, Inhibitory control, Emotional reactivity, Increased levels of negative affect, Less emotional awareness, Difficulty in coping with negative emotions, Child emotional insecurity, Problems with experiencing, describing, and identifying one’s emotions, Internalizing or externalizing difficulties, Emotional abuse
CATEGORY 5. PARENTING STYLE	GENERAL PARENTING STYLE: Strict parenting style, Authoritative parenting style (Balanced use of open, communicative warmth and assertive discipline), Permissive parenting style (little to no discipline or control over a child), Authoritarian parenting style (Heavy use of control and discipline with little warm communication), Neglectful parenting style, Responsiveness of the parent, Demandingness of the parent (especially of the mother), Uninvolved parenting style, Negative parental practices, Uninvolved parenting style (parents who are low on both warmth and control), Inconsistent parenting, Poor parenting
	RELATED TO EMOTIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SITUATIONS: Monitoring and controlling child activities and deviant behaviors, Lack of praise, Levels of parental and maternal emotional warmth, Parental psychological control, Family communication, Negative paternal and maternal communication, Parental neglect, Insecure attachment relationship, Lack of acceptance from the parents, Poor mother–child relationship followed by an insecure mother–child attachment, Parental interpersonal dysphoria, Maternal intrusiveness, Levels of parental support and encouragement, Overprotection, Coercive control, Differential parental treatment to the kids of a family, Soothing strategies for infant/toddler distress and fussiness, Parental responsiveness to their child’s needs, Absent parents, Maternal depression, self-esteem, financial strain, and maternal distress
CATEGORY 6. FEEDING AND HEALTH RELATED PRACTICES	PRACTICES AROUND FOOD CONSUMPTION: Eating habits such as not drinking enough water, or not chewing food adequately, Not offering assistance during mealtimes, Early introduction of complementary solid foods, Exposure to a certain food type after a period of restriction to it, Pressing the children to eat, Not promoting self-regulation of the children, Parental strict limitations in food, Food fussiness, Absence of frequent family meals, Formula-fed infants, Age-inappropriate feeding, Greater role for fat and added sugars in foods, Reduced intakes of complex carbohydrates and dietary fiber, Reduced fruit and vegetable intake, Eating rate, Disinhibited eating, Use of food as a reward, Large portions, Response to children’s hunger and fullness cues, Breastfeeding period
	HEALTH RELATED PRACTICES: Not enhancing physical activity, Not controlling screen time, Absence of establishment of rules for sleep schedules, Absence of age-appropriate sleep patterns and duration, Enhancing sedentary behavior, Use of car seats and strollers, Exposure to television and media, Sleep deprivation, Having a television in children’s bedrooms, Quality of sleep, Medication, Having the television on during dinner, Leisure time activities, Drug, alcohol, cigarette consumption, Not doing things together with children, Spending time with children in physical activities
	PRACTICES AROUND FOOD PREPARATION AND AVAILABILITY: Availability of healthy food at home, Not educating children about nutrition, No involvement of the children in preparing meals, Not offering different choices for food consumption, Not discussing food choices with children, Absence of flexible, individualized dietary plan, Absence of clear and consistent rules related to food, Not respecting infant’s or toddler’s flavor or food preferences, Not respecting appetitive characteristics and traits, Allowing children unrestricted access to inappropriate foods or displaying no supportive guidance, Asserting strict control over all feeding behaviors, Not enhancing the children to eat both new and familiar foods, Intake of unhealthy snack foods as an easy choice
CATEGORY 7. CONSEQUENCES OF OBESITY	SOCIAL: Weigh related stigma, Body image concerns, Being avoided, ignored, or the subject of negative rumors, Problems of integration with peers, Bullying, Joint problems, Dissatisfaction with one’s own body, High school drop-out, Reduced work integration, Poor quality of life
	PSYCHOLOGICAL: Emotional difficulty, Mental disorders, Higher rates of sadness, loneliness, and nervousness, Decreased self-esteem, Psychological problems, Poor self-image, Depression, Anxiety, Psychiatric health problems, Suicidality, Poorer well-being
	BIOLOGICAL: Increases mortality, Sixth risk factor for death, Cardiovascular disorders, Metabolic disorders, Adult obesity, Diabetes and insulin resistance, Renal and liver disorders, Musculoskeletal disorders, Respiratory disorders, Neurological disorders, Chronic diseases, Menstrual disorders, Fertility challenges, Cancers of the esophagus, pancreas, colon and rectum, breast (post-menopausal), endometrium, and kidney, Lower physical functioning performance, High blood pressure, Asthma