Table 4.

Overview of in vitro studies related to EGCG.

Polyphenol	Cell Line	Concentration/ Duration	Anti-Cancer Effects	Type IV Collagenase-Mediated Mechanisms	Reference
EGCG [(2 R,3 R)-3′,4′,5,5′,7-pentahydroxyflavan-3-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate]	DU-145	2, 5, 10, 20, 40 μg/mL for 24 h	not specified	↓MMP-2, -9 secretion, activity ↓NF-κB ↓ERK-1/-2 ↓p38	[46]
	786-O	10, 50, 100, 200 μg/mL for 24 h with or without PMA treatment	not specified	↓MMP-2, -9 activity	[53]
	HeLa DoTc2-4510 SK-OV-3	10, 25, 50, 100 μM for 24 h with or without PMA treatment	not specified	↓MMP-2 activity (HeLa, SK-OV-3) ↓MMP-9 activity (HeLa, DoTc2-4510)	[52]
	SCC-9	5, 10, 15, 20 μM for 24 h with or without PMA treatment	↓cell migration ↓cell invasion	↓MMP-2 mRNA, protein, activity ↓MMP-9 activity ↑TIMP-2 mRNA, protein ↓NF-κB protein	[62]
	CL1-5	5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 μM for 9, 12, 16, 24 h	↓cell migration ↓cell invasion	↓MMP-2 mRNA, protein, activity, promoter activity ↓MMP-9 mRNA, protein, activity ↓NF-κB nuclear translocation	[60]
	SW-1353, HT-1080, SW-872, SW-982	10, 25, 50, 100 μM for 24 h with or without PMA treatment	not specified	↓MMP-2, -9 activity	[51]
	U2 OS RD	10, 25, 50, 100 μM for 24 h with or without PMA treatment	not specified	↓MMP-2 activity ↓MMP-9 activity	[50]
	TW01 (EBV-negative) NA (EBV-positive, reinfected TW01)	10, 20, 30, 50 μM for 9, 12, 24, 48 h (cells) 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 25 μM for 7 days (spheroid)	↓spheroid formation ↓cell migration ↓cell invasion ↓proliferation	↓MMP-2 mRNA, activity ↓MMP-9 activity ↓pERK-1/-2 protein	[61]
	786-O ACHN	10, 20, 40 μg/mL for 24 h	↓cell migration ↓cell invasion	↓MMP-2, -9 activity, protein	[55]
	HuCC-T1	0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 20, 50 μg/mL for 24 h	↓cell migration ↓cell invasion ↑apoptosis	↓MMP-2 activity ↓MMP-9 activity	[56]
	SW780	12.5, 25, 50, 100 μM for 24 h	↓cell invasion ↓cell migration ↓proliferation ↑apoptosis	↓MMP-9 mRNA, protein ↓pNF-κB p65 protein ↓NF-κB mRNA	[57]
	A-2058	10, 25, 50, 100 μM for 24 h	not specified	↓MMP-2, -9 activity	[48]
	FaDu SCC-25	10, 25, 50, 100 μM for 24 h with or without PMA treatment	not specified	↓MMP-2, -9 activity	[49]
	NPC-39 HONE-1 NPC-BM	6, 12, 25, 50 μM for 12, 24 h	↓cell migration ↓cell invasion	↓MMP-2 activity, protein	[54]
	A549 H1299	20, 80, 160 μM for 24, 48 h or 20 μM with 0,625, 1.25, 2.5, 5 μM of BAY11-7082 for 24, 48 h	↓proliferation ↑apoptosis ↓cell invasion ↓cell migration	↓MMP-2 mRNA ↓NF-κB, pNF-κB mRNA, protein	[59]
	A549 H1299	12.5, 25 μM for 48 h (free EGCG or PLGA-encapsulated EGCG)	↓proliferation ↑apoptosis	↓MMP-2 mRNA ↓NF-κB, pNF-κB protein	[58]

Legend: ↑ activation or increase; ↓ inhibition or decrease.