. 2024 Sep 20;12(18):1887. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12181887

Table 3.

Changes in body composition between pre- and post-tests in obese older women.

Variables	Group	Pre	Post	Mean Change (95% CI)	F-Value (η_p²)
Variables	Group	Pre	Post	Mean Change (95% CI)	Group	Time	Interaction
Weight (kg)	NMX	70.41 ± 5.30	68.53 ± 4.76	−1.88 *** (−2.68–−1.08)	0.284 (0.013)	86.760 ††† (0.798)	14.798 ††† (0.402)
Weight (kg)	HPX	72.86 ± 5.74	68.33 ± 5.11	−4.53 *** (−5.82–−3.24)	0.284 (0.013)	86.760 ††† (0.798)	14.798 ††† (0.402)
BMI (kg·m⁻²)	NMX	26.87 ± 0.38	26.17 ± 0.49	−0.71 *** (−0.99–−0.43)	0.054 (0.002)	103.405 ††† (0.825)	17.229 ††† (0.439)
BMI (kg·m⁻²)	HPX	27.31 ± 0.66	25.62 ± 0.89	−1.68 *** (−2.12–−1.25)	0.054 (0.002)	103.405 ††† (0.825)	17.229 ††† (0.439)
Fat-free mass (kg)	NMX	45.06 ± 3.39	45.23 ± 3.14	0.17 (−0.33–0.66)	2.243 (0.093)	9.783 †† (0.308)	5.617 † (0.203)
Fat-free mass (kg)	HPX	46.63 ± 3.67	47.83 ± 3.57	1.20 ** (0.38–2.02)	2.243 (0.093)	9.783 †† (0.308)	5.617 † (0.203)
Percentage body fat (%)	NMX	32.35 ± 1.91	30.80 ± 1.62	−1.55 *** (−1.86–−1.24)	0.408 (0.018)	431.735 ††† (0.952)	93.026 ††† (0.809)
Percentage body fat (%)	HPX	33.23 ± 2.07	29.00 ± 1.53 #	−4.23 *** (−4.76–−3.70)	0.408 (0.018)	431.735 ††† (0.952)	93.026 ††† (0.809)

Note. Values are expressed as means ± standard deviations. CI = confidence interval, NMX = normoxia, HPX = hypoxia, BMI = body mass index. Significant interaction or main effect: † p < 0.05, †† p < 0.01, ††† p < 0.001. Significant difference between pre- and post-test: ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. Significant difference between NMX and HPX groups: # p < 0.05.