| LDH | Lumbar Disc Herniation |
| MMPQ | McGill–Melzack Pain Questionnaire |
| HADS | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale |
| TKS | Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale |
| PCS | Pain Catastrophizing Scale |
| NSP | Nottingham Health Profile |
| MTG | Manual therapy group |
| EG | Exercise group |
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