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. 2024 Sep 27;19(9):e0311147. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311147

Fig 3. Metformin lotion inhibits the release of HMGB1 from cell nuclei to the skin tissue matrix in rats.

Fig 3

High levels of HMGB1 are present in the tissue matrix of rats treated with 0% ML (white arrows in D). However, in the 6% ML treated group (E-H), HMGB1 is predominantly localized within the cell nuclei (yellow arrows in H). Semi-quantification results agree with this finding (I). C: Merged images of A and B. G: Merged images of E and F. D: Enlarged yellow box area in image C. H: Enlarged yellow box area in image G. ML: Metformin Lotion. *p < 0.001, compared to 0% ML treated wounds. Scale bars: 200 μm (white), 50 μm (yellow). Analysis was conducted by immunostaining.