Fig 4. Metformin lotion inhibits scar tissue formation in rat skin after 10 days of wound healing.

The results show a dense and thick epidermis formed at the wound area treated with 0% ML (yellow dashed line and arrows in A-C). In contrast, normal skin-like tissues formed at the wound area treated with 6% ML (green dashed line and arrows in D-F). Semi-quantification indicates that the epidermis thickness at the wound area treated with 0% ML is six times greater than at the wound area treated with 6% ML (G). There is no significant difference in epidermis thickness between normal skin and 6% ML-treated wounded skin. ML: Metformin Lotion. *p < 0.05 compared to 0% ML treated wounds. Scale bars: 1 mm (black), 500 μm (red), and 200 μm (yellow). Analysis was conducted using H&E staining.