Table 7.

Salivary cytokine levels of the study participants.

Cytokines	Placebo Cohort, n = 13	Probiotic Cohort, n = 18	p Values
IL-1β (pg/mL)
Baseline
Mean + SE, pg/mL	298.35 + 93.37	371.69 + 115.81	0.564
30 days intervention
Mean + SE, pg/mL	248.17 + 52.84 *	320.06 + 88.23 *	0.554
30 days follow-up
Mean + SE, pg/mL	159.80 + 43.09 *	271.75 + 79.69 *	0.1044
IL-8 (pg/mL)
Baseline
Mean + SE, pg/mL	1371.30 + 308.07	2295.15 + 386.26	0.081
30 days intervention
Mean + SE, pg/mL	1531.58 + 238.46 *	2103.40 + 378.26 *	0.671
30 days follow-up
Mean + SE, pg/mL	1253.64 + 287.87 *	1602.88 + 421.08 *	0.755
TNF-α (pg/mL)
Baseline
Mean + SE, pg/mL	5.15 + 1.17	10.88 + 7.85	0.086
30 days intervention
Mean + SE, pg/mL	6.11 + 1.18 *	11.66 + 2.87 *	0.6884
30 days follow-up
Mean + SE, pg/mL	5.21 + 1.04 *	7.33 + 1.93 *	0.989
IL-6 (pg/mL)
Baseline
Mean + SE, pg/mL	5.46 + 0.79	32.34 + 21.82	0.271
30 days intervention
Mean + SE, pg/mL	8.05 + 1.93 *	39.96 + 27.94 *	0.9207
30 days follow-up
Mean + SE, pg/mL	6.35 + 1.22 *	9.07 + 2.59 *	0.9726
IL-10 (pg/mL)
Baseline
Mean + SE, pg/mL	1.61 + 0.56	2.76 + 0.73	0.224
30 days intervention
Mean + SE, pg/mL	1.40 + 0.19 *	3.16 + 0.84 *	0.772
30 days follow-up
Mean + SE, pg/mL	1.50 + 0.49 *	2.02 + 0.62 *	0.863

* Differences between levels of cytokines in intervention and follow-up samples were statistically significant compared to the baseline (p < 0.0001).