Table 1.

Folate intake (μg/day) and supplementation recommendations by different international and Spanish organisations.

Organisation	EFSA [15,16]	WHO [6,17]	IOM [18,19]	CDC [8]	Moreiras et al. [9]	SEGO [10]
Women of reproductive age	330 DFE	400 DFE	400 DFE	400 DFE	400 DFE	No specific recommendations
Women planning pregnancy	FA supplementation: 400 **	FA supplementation: 400	FA supplementation: 400	FA supplementation: 400	No specific recommendations	FA supplementation: 400 *
Pregnant women	FA supplementation: 400	FA supplementation: 400	FA supplementation: 400	FA supplementation: 400	600 DFE	FA supplementation: 400 *
Lactating women	500 DFE	500 DFE	500 DFE	500 DFE	500 DFE	FA supplementation: 400

EFSA: European Food Safety Authority; WHO: World Health Organisation; IOM: U.S. Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences; CDC: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; SEGO: Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia. DFE: dietary folate equivalents. For combined intakes of food folate and folic acid, DFEs can be computed as follows: μg DFE = μg food folate + (1.7× μg folic acid). If supplementation is specifically recommended, this figure is included instead of DFE. * Also considered other folate forms, such as 5-THF or 5-MTHF. ** 400 μg/day supplemental folate should be consumed daily for at least one month before and up to three months after conception.