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. 2024 Sep 18;17(9):1233. doi: 10.3390/ph17091233

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Illustration of the targets of clomiphene citrate in the HPG axis in males. The hypothalamus secretes GnRH, which is delivered to the pituitary gland to stimulate the biosynthesis of the gonadotropins LH and FSH. LH functions within Leydig cells and results in the secretion of testosterone. Testosterone can be modified via aromatase for estradiol and acts as a negative feedback signal in the HPG axis. Clomiphene citrate can reduce this signal and weaken the negative feedback loop to improve testosterone synthesis.