Mutation of Z residue 186 affects binding to the three Rp ZRE sites. Binding of in vitro-translated wild-type Z (Wt Z), Z(S186A), and Z(S186T) to oligonucleotide probes containing the Rp ZRE-1 or ZRE-2 sites (A) or the Rp ZRE-3 site or the AP-1 site in the early EBV BMRF1 gene promoter (BMRF1-AP-1) (B) was compared. The sequences and methylation status of each probe are indicated. Rabbit reticulocyte lysate (retic) was used as a negative control for each probe. The binding abilities of mutant Z proteins to each probe were measured relative to wild-type Z, which was set at 100% for each probe. ND, nondetectable binding; +, present; −, absent. (C) The expression level of each in vitro-translated Z protein was analyzed by immunoblotting.