Upregulation of costimulatory molecules on C57BL/6 and BALB/c BMDC is dependent on live virus. Day 7 C57BL/6 (A) and BALB/c (B) BMDC were infected with live or UV-inactivated rSV5 (UV-rSV5, MOI = 10). LPS-treated and mock-infected BMDC were used as positive controls. Twenty-four hours after infection, cells were stained with antibodies to CD11c and CD40, CD86 or CD80 and analyzed using flow cytometry. The level of expression of these molecules on CD11c+ cells is shown. The graphs show the average ± standard error of the mean of four independent experiments. P values were calculated using the paired t test. *, C57BL/6 BMDC: CD40 (P = 0.030), CD86 (P = 0.012), CD80 (P = 0.025); BALB/c BMDC: CD40 (P = 0.045), CD86 (P = 0.040).