Table 5.
Trials evaluating the effect of sarcopenia in patients with advanced HCC and treated with lenvatinib.
| First author/year | Country | Study desing | N patients | Methodes | Time of muscle assesment | Cut off value | Comparison | Outcome | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dong et al.26 | China |
Monocentric Retrospective |
40 | CT scan: L3 SMI |
1 month prior to the initiation of lenvatinib |
SMI: M: < 42 cm2/m2 W: < 38 cm2/m2 |
sarcopenia patients versus non-sarcopenia patients |
OS PFS |
0.024 0.044 |
| Hiraoka et al.21 | Japan |
Multicentric Retrospecive |
151 | CT scan: L3- PSI |
1 month before and 4 weeks after starting lenvatinib treatment |
SMI: M: 4.24 cm2/m2 W: 2.50 cm2/m2 |
Pre-sarcopenia vs non pre-sarcopenia |
OS PFS |
< 0.001 0.025 |
| Kotoh et al.25 | Japan | Monocentric, Retrospective | 53 |
CT scan: L3-SMI HGS: GS dynamometer |
Before receiving lenvatinib |
SMI: M: < 42 cm2/m2 W: < 38 cm2/m2 HGS M: < 26 kg W: < 18 kg |
HGS: Low versus High Muscle depletion versus Non-Muscle depletion Sarcopenia versus non- Sarcopenia |
OS TTF |
0.036 |
| Endo et al.23 | Japan |
Monocentric Retrospective |
63 |
CT scan: L3-SMI GS: measurement complies with the established guideline (JSH) |
Before receiving lenvatinib |
GS: M: < 26 kg W: < 18 kg SMI: M: < 42 cm2/m2 W: < 38 cm2/m2 |
GS: Normal versus decreased SMI: Normal SMI vs decreased SMI, |
OS PFS PPS |
0.9 |
| Uojima et al.24 | Japan |
Multicentric Retrospective |
100 | CT scan: L3-SMI | before treatment initiation |
SMI: M: < 42 cm2/m2 W: < 38 cm2/m2: |
SMI: low vs high |
TTF OS |
0.010 0.021 |
| Rinninella et al.22 | Italy |
Two case Reports Retrospective |
2 | CT scan: L3- SMA |
At baseline and at 24 months after lenvatinib skeletal muscle area treatment |
– | SMA, Baseline versus 24 months after the start of lenvatinib therapy |
OS PFS |
– |
SM skeletal muscle; SMI skeletal muscle index, calculated as skeletal muscle mass divided by height squared (cm2/m2); HGS handgrip strength; L3 third lumbar vertebra level; OS overall survival; MST median survival time; n.s. non significant; PFS progression free survival; PPS post-progression survival; SMA skeletal mass area; PSI psoas muscle area index (muscle area at level of middle of third lumbar vertebra (cm2)/height (m2); TTF time to treatment failure.