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. 2024 Sep 18;10(18):e38075. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38075

Table 1.

Effect of X. stuhlmannii and amlodipine on oxidative stress markers in cadmium chloride-induced hypertension.

Parameters
 Organs
 Control
 CdCl2
 CdCl2 +
X.s 35 X.s 100 X.s 300 Amlo
Catalase (μmol of H2O2/min/g organ) Aorta 689.1 ± 60.66 163.8 ± 12.69c 445.7 ± 76.26 363.6 ± 88.06a 279.5 ± 69b 287.7 ± 64.94b
Heart 88.80 ± 19.04 43.52 ± 8.24 93.62 ± 13.51α 109.7 ± 5.62β 104.2 ± 2.97β 74.92 ± 7.20
Liver 133.1 ± 16.24 52.24 ± 10.03c 106.7 ± 7.27β 53.58 ± 11.45c 35.70 ± 7.05c 56.15 ± 4.95c
Kidneys 91.51 ± 5.67 35.92 ± 5.05c 79.30 ± 6.44γ 73.43 ± 5.46β 61.03 ± 5.75a 61.40 ± 6.58aα
SOD (unity of SOD/g Organ) Heart 327.5 ± 29.81 318.2 ± 9.66 421.2 ± 38.86 449.4 ± 56.67 428.4 ± 62.15 300.8 ± 23.51
Liver 288.9 ± 18.27 222.8 ± 32.39 178.8 ± 11.23 249.8 ± 60.16 259.6 ± 49.12 207.8 ± 39.04
Kidneys 177.3 ± 21.18 117.8 ± 6.41 122.3 ± 7.28 149.2 ± 12.13 158.1 ± 21.64 146.3 ± 9.77
Gluthatione (mmol/g Organ) Aorta 0.47 ± 0.06 0.38 ± 0.03 0.31 ± 0.06 0.58 ± 0.08 0.28 ± 0.05 0.43 ± 0.04
Heart 0.06 ± 0.01 0.05 ± 0.006 0.04 ± 0.005 0.03 ± 0.005 0.04 ± 0.008 0.04 ± 0.004
Liver 0.03 ± 0.008 0.03 ± 0.003 0.02 ± 0.002 0.05 ± 0.003 0.02 ± 0.002 0.06 ± 0.007bγ
Kidneys 0.022 ± 0.002 0.003 ± 0.001c 0.006 ± 0.001c 0.009 ± 0.0009c 0.017 ± 0.002γ 0.016 ± 0.001aγ
MDA (mmol/g Organ) Liver 0.003 ± 0.001 0.011 ± 0.001b 0.01 ± 0.001a 0.002 ± 0.001β 0.002 ± 0.001β 0.005 ± 0.001
Kidneys 0.008 ± 0.0003 0.007 ± 0.0005 0.006 ± 0.0006 0.002 ± 0.001 0.005 ± 0.0001cγ 0.006 ± 0.0005
NO (μmol/g organ) Aorta 2.33 ± 0.40 1.44 ± 0.25 1.32 ± 0.56 1.43 ± 0.64 2.23 ± 0.19 2.05 ± 0.12
Heart 0.16 ± 0.004 0.17 ± 0.01 0.15 ± 0.01 0.18 ± 0.01 0.12 ± 0.01 0.14 ± 0.01
Liver 0.065 ± 0.006 0.046 ± 0.005 0.062 ± 0.004 0.059 ± 0.007 0.043 ± 0.005 0.044 ± 0.0008
Kidneys 0.084 ± 0.005 0.054 ± 0.002b 0.058 ± 0.005a 0.052 ± 0.006b 0.056 ± 0.004b 0.054 ± 0.003b

Data are presented as mean ± SEM, n = 6;aP < 0.05, bP < 0.01 and cP < 0.001: compared to the control; αP < 0.05, βP < 0.01 and γP < 0.001: compared to CdCl2; SOD = Super oxide dismutase, MDA = Malondialdehyde, NO = nitric oxide, CdCl2 = Cadmium chloride; X.s = X. stuhlmannii; Amlo = Amlodipine.