Fig. 4.

The inhibition of lipophagy by CQ led to apoptosis. (A) CQ increased the levels of p62 and LC3, which indicated that CQ blocked lipophagy. (B) Nile red staining suggested that CQ significantly increased the level of lipid droplets. (C) Quantitative fluorescence intensity of Nile red in HCT 116 and HT-29 cells after treatment with 25 µM CQ. (D) Annexin V-APC/PI staining confirmed that blocking lipophagy induced cell death. N = 4 for B. * indicates a P value lower than 0.05, which was determined by the Mann‒Whitney U test