FIG. 1.

MMP production in monocytes and human fetal microglia. Monocytes and microglia were isolated and then cultivated in medium with or without CD40L (2 μg/ml). Culture supernatants were collected at 72 h after CD40L stimulation, and MMP levels were determined by ELISA. Values represent the mean of triplicate determinations ± standard error. MMP-9 (A), MMP-2 (B), MMP-3 (C), and MMP-1 (D) levels were compared. Statistical tests were performed with GraphPad Prism 2.0, using one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls posttest. These demonstrated that microglia generated significantly higher levels of all MMPs when compared to monocytes (∗, P < 0.01). The effect of CD40L stimulation of microglial cells was also statistically significant for MMP-2 and -1 (#; P < 0.001).