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. 2024 Sep 27;16:50. doi: 10.1186/s13099-024-00640-w

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

Isolation of the F. nucleatum-secreted mutagen-containing fractions in Fn. CM. Fn.CM was subject to digestion by protease K (50 μg/mL) A or heat inactivation (100 °C for 30 min) B and co-cultured with SW480 cell line. Protein levels of γ-H2AX were detected by Western blots. Fn. CM was separated using 3-kDa molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) membranes and the DNA-damaging effect was assessed by Western blots C and comet assay (D, E). ***p ≤ 0.001. Results were derived from three independent experiments