Fig. 6.

Metabolites detected from F. nucleatum-conditioned medium (Fn-CM) fraction which below 3KD induces DNA damage in vitro and ex vivo. Metabolites were enriched from untargeted metabolites results by volcano plot A and heatmap (B). Colon cell lines SW480 were exposed to F. nucleatum metabolites DL-Homocystine and Allantoic acid for 3 consecutive days. DNA damages were assayed by Western Blot (C) and Immunofluorescence (D). E Colon loop model was performed with PBS, DL-Homocystine or Allantoic acid. DNA damages were assayed by Western Blot. ***p ≤ 0.001; **p ≤ 0.01; *p < 0.05. Results of C-D were derived from three independent experiments