Figure 5.

MSC-EVs decrease the levels of inflammatory genes induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescent mice.

The mRNA expression of iNOS, NF-κB, MCP-1, and CX3CL1 were analyzed in the hippocampal samples. Data are presented as mean±SEM, n = 8 mice/group. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, vs. saline-treated group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001, vs. ethanol-treated group (one-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni’s post hoc test). CX3CL1: C–X3–C motif chemokine ligand 1; EVs: extracellular vesicles; iNOS: inducible nitric oxide synthase; MCP-1: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; MSC-EVs: mesenchymal stem cell–derived EVs; NF-κB: nuclear factor-kappa B.