Fig. 1.

Serum Chemokine/Cytokine Concentrations and Cognitive Performance in Middle-Aged Adults With and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. A. Concentrations of 10 chemokines/cytokines were determined using high sensitivity immunoassays. Results in pg/mL are presented in log scale for each of the 10 selected chemokines/cytokines. At baseline, there were no significant differences between individuals with type 2 diabetes and healthy controls in the concentration of any of the analytes measured. At follow-up, only TNF- α significantly differed, being slightly higher in Type 2 Diabetes in comparison to healthy controls (Wilcoxon rank-sum, z = −2.62, p = 0.02). B. Correlation matrices are provided examining the correlations between each inflammatory marker (log-transformed and z-scored) both at baseline and follow-up timepoints individually. C. Greater IL-17A levels were associated with poorer performance on the Rapid Visual Processing Task as well as the One Touch Stockings of Cambridge Task. D. On cross-sectional analysis at the follow-up timepoint, greater levels of IL-17A were associated with poorer reaction times and again poorer performance on the Rapid Visual Processing Task. Results of unadjusted linear models are provided as β Coefficients with 95% Confidence Intervals and corresponding p-values.