Table 2.
Participants’ educational needs (N = 122)
| Categories | Contents | Min | Max | Mean ± SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall educational needs for the adult respiratory system | Definitions and causes of disease | 2 | 5 | 4.27 ± 0.64 |
| Clinical symptoms | 3 | 5 | 4.59 ± 0.51 | |
| Diagnostic and testing methods | 3 | 5 | 4.34 ± 0.63 | |
| Treatment methods | 3 | 5 | 4.40 ± 0.56 | |
| Patient nursing (gas exchange impairment) | 3 | 5 | 4.53 ± 0.56 | |
| Patient nursing (activity intolerance) | 2 | 5 | 3.82 ± 0.82 | |
| Patient nursing (fatigue) | 2 | 5 | 3.54 ± 0.81 | |
| Patient nursing (ineffective breathing patterns) | 3 | 5 | 4.59 ± 0.54 | |
| Patient nursing (impaired spontaneous ventilation) | 3 | 5 | 4.34 ± 0.65 | |
| Patient nursing (ineffective airway clearance) | 3 | 5 | 4.51 ± 0.62 | |
| Upper respiratory disease | Infectious disease (influenza, rhinitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, adenoiditis, peritonsillar abscess, laryngitis, COVID-19) | 2 | 5 | 4.09 ± 0.70 |
| Neoplastic disease (head and neck cancer) | 2 | 5 | 3.51 ± 0.71 | |
| Multifactorial disorders (epistaxis, nasal polyps, intranasal foreign body, obstructive sleep apnea, vocal paralysis, vocal cord polyps/nodules, laryngeal edema, laryngeal foreign body, facial trauma) | 2 | 5 | 3.62 ± 0.76 | |
| Lower respiratory disease | Infectious disease (acute bronchitis, pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, lung abscess) | 3 | 5 | 4.63 ± 0.53 |
| Interstitial lung disease (occupational lung disease, sarcoidosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) | 2 | 5 | 3.69 ± 0.81 | |
| Pulmonary vascular disease (pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary heart disease) | 2 | 5 | 4.32 ± 0.71 | |
| Pleural disorders (pleural effusion, empyema) | 2 | 5 | 4.39 ± 0.66 | |
| Respiratory insufficiency (acute respiratory insufficiency, acute dyspnea) | 2 | 5 | 4.49 ± 0.66 | |
| Obstructive lung disease (bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial dilation, cystic fibrosis) | 3 | 5 | 4.48 ± 0.59 | |
| Neoplastic disease (lung cancer) | 2 | 5 | 4.07 ± 0.79 | |
| Trauma (pulmonary contusion, rib fracture, flail chest, pneumothorax, hemothorax) | 2 | 5 | 4.22 ± 0.70 | |
| Educational needs for core nursing skills | Vital signs measurement | 2 | 5 | 4.51 ± 0.75 |
| Oral administration | 1 | 5 | 3.94 ± 0.99 | |
| Intramuscular injection | 2 | 5 | 4.30 ± 0.80 | |
| Intravenous fluids (including use of an infusion pump or syringe pump) | 3 | 5 | 4.69 ± 0.53 | |
| Pulse oximeter measurement and EKG monitor use | 3 | 5 | 4.62 ± 0.55 | |
| Oxygen therapy using a nasal cannula | 2 | 5 | 4.42 ± 0.75 | |
| Suction | 2 | 5 | 4.58 ± 0.65 | |
| Basic CPR and defibrillation | 3 | 5 | 4.74 ± 0.46 | |
| Pain management | 2 | 5 | 4.04 ± 0.79 | |
| Sores management and fall prevention | 2 | 5 | 4.30 ± 0.74 | |
| Catheter management (JP or Hemovac) | 2 | 5 | 4.39 ± 0.65 |
EKG: electrocardiogram; CPR: cardiopulmonary resuscitation; JP: Jackson Pratt