Table 2.
Pre-/post-semester comparisons of student performance on the SPFA.
| SPFA Construct | Item Score | Rating Score | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| Pre-Semester M (SEM) | Post-Semester M (SEM) | p-value | Pre-Semester M (SEM) | Post-Semester M (SEM) | p-value | |
| Experimental Design | 7.61 (0.36) | 10.48 (0.51) | < 0.001 | 1.95 (0.12) | 2.84 (0.15) | < 0.001 |
| Reasons for Doing Science | 0.43 (0.13) | 0.73 (0.15) | 0.124 | 1.39 (0.11) | 1.64 (0.12) | 0.102 |
| Nature of Science | 0.52 (0.11) | 0.93 (0.18) | 0.040 | 1.41 (0.08) | 1.59 (0.09) | 0.088 |
| Interconnectivitya | - | - | - | 0.98 (0.09) | 1.09 (0.12) | 0.280 |
| Total Score | 8.57 (0.44) | 12.14 (0.58) | < 0.001 | 5.73 (0.22) | 7.16 (0.28) | < 0.001 |
a
The interconnectivity metric does not include an item score, as per the SPFA rubric.