Fig. 10.

House dust mite exposure altered the microglial phenotype marker, CD68, in the hippocampus of App^NL-G-F mice. Brains of male and female WT and App^NL-G-F mice from 16-week exposed control, sham, and HDM (833 μg/kg, 30 min/day, 3 days/week) groups were collected, sectioned, and immunostained with anti-CD68 antibody using Vector VIP as the chromogen. Representative immunohistochemical staining images (5x) of the hippocampus are shown, scale bar 500 μm. Quantification of immunoreactivity was performed, and % positive superpixels obtained were averaged and graphed. Results are depicted as mean ± SEM; n = 5, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001. Two-way ANOVAs with interaction between C/Sh/DM (followed by multiple comparisons) and WT/App^NL-G-F produced following statistics; male: C/Sh/DM, F_{2, 33} = 12.43 and p < 0.0001, WT/App^NL-G-F, F_{1, 33} = 648.2 and p < 0.0001, interaction, F_{2, 33} = 6.702 and p = 0.0036 and female: C/Sh/DM, F_{2, 37} = 17.74 and p < 0.0001, WT/App^NL-G-F, F_{1, 37} = 725.0 and p < 0.0001, interaction, F_{2, 37} = 5.972 and p = 0.0057.