Fig. 7. Mathematical predictions for critical initial senescence and clearance time based on the different rates of the system.

Parameter study on the effect in critical initial senescence and clearance time ($t_c)$. a Effect of rate of macrophage phenotype switch ($G$) and endothelial cell activation $B_E$ on critical initial senescence. All other parameters are set to 1. The pale green, dark green and purple lines are contours of $T_{\mathit{in}}^{*}$ = 0.5, 5.5 and $10.5$. An increase in $G$ allows higher critical initial senescence while an increase in $B_E$ permits smaller initial senescence levels before uncontrollable inflammation of the system is triggered. b Effect of the rate of $M_2$ recruitment, $B_2$, on clearance time for different initial levels of senescence, $T_{\mathit{in}}$. An increase $B_2$ results in faster clearance and therefore lower $t_c$. Orange, black and blue dashed lines represent Low, Medium and High initial senescence levels respectively. c Effect of the rate of senescent cell removal by $M_2$_, $K_T$, on clearance time for varying initial senescent values. An increase in this rate will result in faster clearance and therefore lower $t_c$. Orange, black and blue dashed lines represent numerically Low, Medium and High initial senescence levels respectively.