Table 2.
Estimated levels of the selected cardiometabolic indicators by tertiles of total daily physical activity among the adolescents
| Indicator | Tertile 1 of total daily PA (VMCPM < 289.9) |
Tertile 2 of total daily PA (VMCPM 289.9–350.1) |
Tertile 3 of total daily PA (VMCPM > 350.1) |
P-value2 | P-value3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predicted1 mean (95% CI) | Predicted1 mean (95% CI) | Predicted1 mean (95% CI) | |||
| Entire sample | |||||
| Waist circumference4 cm | 63.8 (63.3, 64.4) | 63.8 (63.2, 64.3) | 62.7 (62.2, 63.3) | 0.833 | 0.004 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 108.9 (108.3, 109.6) | 109.2 (108.6, 109.9) | 108.3 (107.7, 108.9) | 0.501 | 0.173 |
| Triglyceride4 mmol/L | 0.97 (0.94, 1.01) | 0.95 (0.92, 0.98) | 0.95 (0.92, 0.98) | 0.293 | 0.273 |
| Total cholesterol mmol/L | 3.60 (3.55, 3.66) | 3.57 (3.52, 3.62) | 3.57 (3.52, 3.63) | 0.319 | 0.395 |
| Low-density lipoprotein mmol/L | 2.16 (2.11, 2.21) | 2.12 (2.08, 2.17) | 2.14 (2.10, 2.19) | 0.257 | 0.545 |
| High-density lipoprotein mmol/L | 1.02 (1.00, 1.03) | 1.03 (1.01, 1.04) | 1.02 (1.00, 1.04) | 0.418 | 0.700 |
| HOMA-IR4,5 | 3.02 (2.85, 3.21) | 2.91 (2.74, 3.08) | 2.70 (2.54, 2.87) | 0.340 | 0.008 |
| Girls | |||||
| Waist circumference4 cm | 63.8 (63.0, 64.5) | 63.8 (63.1, 64.6) | 62.6 (61.8, 63.4) | 0.921 | 0.038 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 106.9 (106.1, 107.8) | 108.0 (107.1, 108.8) | 107.2 (106.3, 108.1) | 0.079 | 0.697 |
| Triglyceride4 mmol/L | 1.03 (0.99, 1.08) | 1.03 (0.99, 1.07) | 1.05 (1.00, 1.10) | 0.902 | 0.639 |
| Total cholesterol mmol/L | 3.76 (3.68, 3.83) | 3.72 (3.65, 3.80) | 3.75 (3.66, 3.83) | 0.490 | 0.862 |
| Low-density lipoprotein mmol/L | 2.29 (2.22, 2.35) | 2.24 (2.17, 2.30) | 2.30 (2.23, 2.37) | 0.298 | 0.790 |
| High-density lipoprotein mmol/L | 1.02 (0.99, 1.04) | 1.03 (1.00, 1.05) | 0.99 (0.97, 1.02) | 0.550 | 0.194 |
| HOMA-IR4,5 | 3.29 (3.05, 3.55) | 3.37 (3.13, 3.64) | 3.11 (2.86, 3.38) | 0.637 | 0.323 |
| Boys | |||||
| Waist circumference4 cm | 63.9 (63.1, 64.8) | 63.6 (62.9, 64.4) | 62.8 (62.1, 63.6) | 0.591 | 0.044 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 111.0 (110.0, 112.1) | 110.4 (109.4, 111.4) | 109.5 (108.6, 110.4) | 0.387 | 0.027 |
| Triglyceride4 mmol/L | 0.93 (0.88, 0.98) | 0.88 (0.84, 0.92) | 0.87 (0.83, 0.91) | 0.126 | 0.048 |
| Total cholesterol mmol/L | 3.45 (3.38, 3.53) | 3.41 (3.34, 3.48) | 3.40 (3.33, 3.46) | 0.398 | 0.266 |
| Low-density lipoprotein mmol/L | 2.04 (1.97, 2.10) | 2.01 (1.95, 2.07) | 1.98 (1.93, 2.04) | 0.531 | 0.224 |
| High-density lipoprotein mmol/L | 1.01 (0.98, 1.04) | 1.02 (1.00, 1.05) | 1.04 (1.02, 1.07) | 0.491 | 0.074 |
| HOMA-IR4,5 | 2.84 (2.58, 3.13) | 2.51 (2.29, 2.75) | 2.36 (2.17, 2.57) | 0.059 | 0.004 |
Abbreviations PA, physical activity; VMCPM, vector magnitude counts per minute; CI, confidence interval; HOMA-IR, Homeostasis Model Assessment-insulin resistance. Total daily physical activity was based on vector magnitude counts per minute accumulated per day
1Predicted from multivariable linear regression model adjusted for gender (when not stratified by gender), household wealth, maternal education, and awake wear time (min/day)
2For the difference between tertile 1 and tertile 2
3For the difference between tertile 1 and tertile 3
4For these three right-skewed variables, the predicted values represent geometric mean
5Additionally adjusted for sample storage time, that showed a negative correlation with fasting insulin level (Spearman’s ρ = − 0.2, P < 0.001)
P-values in bold indicate statistically significant differences in mean