Table 3.

Associations of time spent sedentary and in moderate, vigorous and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity with the selected cardiometabolic indicators per 10-minute change

Indicator	Time spent sedentary (minutes/day)		Time spent in MPA (minutes/day)		Time spent in VPA (minutes/day)		Time spent in MVPA (minutes/day)
	β (95% CI)	P-value	β (95% CI)	P-value	β (95% CI)	P-value	β (95% CI)	P-value
Entire sample
Ln waist circumference1,2	0.001 (0.0004, 0.002)	0.005	−0.003 (− 0.006, − 0.001)	0.001	−0.05 (− 0.07, − 0.03)	< 0.001	−0.004 (− 0.006, − 0.002)	< 0.001
Systolic blood pressure2	0.06 (− 0.01, 0.12)	0.085	−0.16 (− 0.32, 0.01)	0.065	−3.17 (− 4.82, − 1.52)	< 0.001	−0.17 (− 0.33, − 0.01)	0.034
Ln triglyceride1,2	0.002 (− 0.001, 0.005)	0.193	−0.004 (− 0.012, 0.004)	0.334	−0.11 (− 0.19, − 0.03)	0.008	−0.005 (− 0.013, 0.003)	0.240
Total cholesterol2	0.001 (− 0.005, 0.006)	0.762	0.0003 (− 0.013, 0.014)	0.964	0.02 (− 0.12, 0.15)	0.815	0.0004 (− 0.012, 0.013)	0.948
Low-density lipoprotein2	0.001 (− 0.003, 0.006)	0.610	0.0001 (− 0.011, 0.012)	0.983	−0.02 (− 0.13, 0.10)	0.773	−0.00004 (− 0.011, 0.011)	0.994
High-density lipoprotein2	−0.002 (− 0.004, − 0.0003)	0.024	0.006 (0.001, 0.01)	0.018	0.10 (0.06, 0.15)	< 0.001	0.006 (0.002, 0.01)	0.007
Ln HOMA-IR1,2,3	0.009 (0.003, 0.015)	0.004	−0.018 (− 0.033, − 0.002)	0.023	−0.28 (− 0.43, − 0.12)	< 0.001	−0.019 (− 0.033, − 0.004)	0.012
Girls
Ln waist circumference1,2	0.001 (0.0002, 0.003)	0.023	−0.004 (− 0.007, − 0.0005)	0.023	−0.09 (− 0.17, − 0.01)	0.035	−0.004 (− 0.007, − 0.0005)	0.021
Systolic blood pressure2	−0.05 (− 0.14, 0.04)	0.296	0.01 (− 0.21, 0.23)	0.917	−2.32 (− 8.21, 3.58)	0.440	0.01 (− 0.21, 0.23)	0.942
Ln triglyceride1,2	0.0004 (− 0.004, 0.005)	0.875	−0.00002 (− 0.011, 0.011)	0.997	0.10 (− 0.19, 0.40)	0.497	0.0001 (− 0.011, 0.011)	0.983
Total cholesterol2	0.002 (− 0.006, 0.010)	0.633	−0.004 (− 0.024, 0.017)	0.721	−0.09 (− 0.62, 0.45)	0.748	−0.004 (− 0.024, 0.016)	0.717
Low-density lipoprotein2	0.0001 (− 0.007, 0.007)	0.985	0.002 (− 0.016, 0.02)	0.820	−0.15 (− 0.61, 0.32)	0.531	0.002 (− 0.016, 0.019)	0.843
High-density lipoprotein2	0.0005 (− 0.002, 0.003)	0.691	−0.002 (− 0.009, 0.004)	0.532	0.03 (− 0.14, 0.20)	0.736	−0.002 (− 0.01, 0.004)	0.548
Ln HOMA-IR1,2,3	0.005 (− 0.003, 0.001)	0.215	−0.01 (− 0.03, 0.001)	0.310	−0.19 (− 0.73, 0.35)	0.492	−0.01 (− 0.03, 0.01)	0.307
Boys
Ln waist circumference1,2	0.001 (− 0.0002, 0.002)	0.092	−0.003 (− 0.007, − 0.0005)	0.024	−0.05 (− 0.07, − 0.02)	< 0.001	−0.004 (− 0.007, − 0.001)	0.009
Systolic blood pressure2	0.15 (0.05, 0.25)	0.002	−0.32 (− 0.57, − 0.07)	0.012	−3.08 (− 4.87, − 1.29)	< 0.001	−0.32 (− 0.55, − 0.09)	0.006
Ln triglyceride1,2	0.004 (− 0.001, 0.008)	0.121	−0.01 (− 0.02, 0.004)	0.184	−0.12 (− 0.21, − 0.03)	0.007	−0.01 (− 0.02, 0.002)	0.117
Total cholesterol2	−0.0003 (− 0.007, 0.007)	0.922	0.004 (− 0.014, 0.022)	0.631	0.04 (− 0.09, 0.17)	0.586	0.004 (− 0.012, 0.02)	0.608
Low-density lipoprotein2	0.002 (− 0.004, 0.008)	0.458	−0.002 (− 0.017, 0.013)	0.791	0.004 (− 0.10, 0.11)	0.945	−0.002 (− 0.016, 0.012)	0.814
High-density lipoprotein2	−0.004 (− 0.007,−0.002)	< 0.001	0.014 (0.007, 0.02)	< 0.001	0.11 (0.06, 0.15)	< 0.001	0.013 (0.007, 0.02)	< 0.001
Ln HOMA-IR1,2,3	0.013 (0.004, 0.022)	0.006	−0.02 (− 0.05, − 0.002)	0.03	−0.30 (− 0.47, − 0.13)	< 0.001	−0.027 (− 0.048, − 0.005)	0.015

Abbreviations MPA, moderate physical activity; VPA, vigorous physical activity; MVPA, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; CI, confidence interval; HOMA-IR, insulin resistance from Homeostasis Model Assessment. β represents unstandardized regression coefficient. ¹Ln represents natural-log transformed outcome variables where the base of the log was 2.71828. ²Adjusted for gender (when not stratified by gender), household wealth, maternal education and awake wear time (minutes/day). ³Additionally adjusted for sample storage time as it showed a negative correlation with fasting insulin level (Spearman’s ρ = − 0.2, P < 0.001). Statistically significant coefficients are presented in bold