Table 2.

Associations between hypertension requiring medication and postoperative 30-day mortality according to different models.

Variable	Crude model (OR,95% CI, P)	Model I (OR, 95% CI, P)	Model II (OR, 95% CI, P)	Model III (OR, 95% CI, P)
Nonhypertension	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Hypertension	1.366 (1.060, 1.758) 0.01574	1.386 (1.074, 1.788) 0.01210	1.390 (1.071, 1.804) 0.01324	1.340 (1.040, 1.727) 0.02366

Crude model: We did not adjust for other covariates. Model I: We adjusted for sex, race, and age ranges. Model II: We adjusted for variables such as sex, ethnicity, age group, body mass index (BMI), hematocrit (HCT), sodium (Na), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), white blood cell count (WBC), creatinine (Cr), platelet count (PLT), duration of surgery, presence of diabetes, smoking habits, year of surgery, overall health condition, severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), congestive heart failure (CHF), presurgical blood transfusions, presence of disseminated cancer, presurgical systemic sepsis, use of steroids for chronic conditions, weight loss exceeding 10% in the past 6 months, bleeding disorders, emergency cases, and wound classification. In Model III, we adjusted for the propensity score. Hazard ratios (HRs), confidence intervals (CIs), and reference categories (Ref) are the terms used in this context.