Table 2. Risk of bias of included studies.
No. | Study | Study participation | Study attrition | Prognostic factor measurement | Outcome measurement | Adjustment for other prognostic factors | Statistical analysis & reporting |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Kang JS 2017 | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Moderate |
2. | Ansari D 2019 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
3. | Saadat LV 2021 | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate |
4. | Dai D 2019 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
5. | Piciucchi M 2015 | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low | Moderate | Low |
6. | Tingstedt B 2011 | Low | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Moderate |
7. | He J 2013 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate |
8. | Ordonez JE 2020 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
9. | Beeghly-Fadiel A 2016 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
10. | Whitley A 2023 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate |
11. | Castet F 2023 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
12. | Zironda A 2023 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
13. | Takeda T 2022 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate |
14. | Ren S 2023 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate |
15. | Ramai D 2021 | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate |
16. | Wang H 2020 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
17. | Mendis S 2024 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Low |