FIG. 4.

APV treatment of SV-infected cortical cells decreases cell death without affecting DNA fragmentation. Cortical cells were infected at an MOI of 5 with SV with or without 300 μM APV. (A) LDH activity in the supernatant fluid 24 and 48 h p.i. The results from three independent experiments, each done in triplicate, are shown and are presented as the mean percent change in LDH release compared to that of uninfected wells ± standard error of the mean (#, P = 0.06 for SV versus SV plus APV by Student's t test). (B) Apoptotic cell death assessed by measuring cytoplasmic histone-associated DNA fragments by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Staurosporine was used at a concentration of 1 μM for 24 h as a control for the induction of apoptotic cell death. The results from three independent experiments, each done in triplicate are shown. The percent of control was determined by dividing the absorbance reading from SV-infected cells by the absorbance reading from mock-infected cells and multiplying this ratio by 100. The results are presented as the mean percent of control ± SD.