. 2024 Oct 1;132(10):107701. doi: 10.1289/EHP14729

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of Sister Study participants by case status, enrolled 2003–2009.

Characteristics	Ovarian cancer cases ( $lowercase italic n equals 249$ )	All ( $lowercase italic n equals 40,308$ )^a
Age (y) [ $n$ (%)]
$less than 40$	5 (2.0)	1,966 (4.9)
40–49	52 (20.9)	10,666 (26.5)
50–59	90 (36.1)	15,701 (38.9)
60–69	79 (31.7)	9,853 (24.4)
70–79	23 (9.2)	2,122 (5.3)
Race/ethnicity [ $n$ (%)]
Black, including Hispanic	20 (8.0)	3,349 (8.3)
Hispanic/Latina	5 (2.0)	1,254 (3.1)
Non-Hispanic White	220 (88.4)	34,401 (85.4)
Other races^b	4 (1.6)	1,304 (3.2)
Educational attainment [ $n$ (%)]
High school or less	46 (18.5)	5,734 (14.2)
Some college	87 (34.9)	13,176 (32.7)
College graduate or more	116 (46.6)	21,398 (53.1)
nSES score [median (IQR)]^c	$negative 0.22$ ( $negative 0.96$ , 0.38)	$negative 0.29$ ( $negative 1.07$ , 0.36)
Menopause status [ $n$ (%)]
Premenopausal	80 (32.1)	16,458 (40.8)
Postmenopausal	169 (67.9)	23,845 (59.2)
US Census region [ $n$ (%)]
Northeast	39 (15.7)	7,389 (18.3)
Midwest	73 (29.3)	11,040 (27.4)
South	78 (31.3)	13,105 (32.5)
West	59 (23.7)	8,774 (21.8)
Urbanicity [ $n$ (%)]
Urban	39 (15.7)	7,695 (19.1)
Suburban	98 (39.3)	16,166 (40.1)
Rural/small town/other	112 (45.0)	16,447 (40.8)
12-month ${NO}_{2}$ concentrations (ppb) [median (IQR)]	8.9 (5.8–12.2)	8.4 (5.8–11.8)
12-month $particulate matter begin subscript 2.5 end subscript$ concentrations ( ${μ g / m}^{3}$ ) [median (IQR)]	11.0 (8.8–12.8)	10.7 (8.7–12.4)
12-month $O_{3}$ concentrations (ppb) [median (IQR)]	26.3 (24.4–29.0)	26.6 (24.4–28.8)

Note: IQR, interquartile ranges; ${NO}_{2}$ , nitrogen dioxide; nSES, neighborhood socioeconomic status; $O_{3}$ , ozone; $particulate matter begin subscript 2.5 end subscript$ , particulate matter $less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers$ in diameter.

^{^a}

Excluded women who withdrew from the study ( $lowercase italic n equals 5$ ), had a prevalent or uncertain ovarian cancer history ( $lowercase italic n equals 235$ ), pre-baseline bilateral oophorectomy or unknown number of ovaries removed ( $lowercase italic n equals 9,010$ ), missing air pollutant exposure data ( $lowercase italic n equals 825$ ), missing race/ethnicity ( $lowercase italic n equals 13$ ), missing educational attainment ( $lowercase italic n equals 3$ ), missing nSES score ( $lowercase italic n equals 253$ ), missing US Census region ( $lowercase italic n equals 19$ ), or zero follow-up time ( $lowercase italic n equals 213$ ).

^{^b}

Other races includes American Indian/Alaskan Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander.

^{^c}

An index developed using 16 tract-level measures of educational attainment, occupation, income, wealth, poverty, employment status, and housing characteristics from the US Census and American Community Survey, with higher index indicating lower nSES and vice versa.