TABLE 3.
Behavioral Anomalies in Genetic Mouse Models of PD
| Mouse | Mutation | Behavioral Impairments | Effect of DA Agonists | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| α-Synuclein overexpresor | A53T + A30P: TH promoter | Locomotor activity, righting on an inverted screen | Reduced locomotor response to amphetamine and apomorphine | 33,37 |
| Human wild type: PDGFβ promoter | Rotarod | NA | 35 | |
| Human wild type: Thy1 promoter | Challenging beam, pole test, inverted grid, spontaneous activity, response to sensory stimuli, and fine motor skills (bin cotton use). | Increased sensitivity to apomorphine, reduced response to amphetamine | 39; Fleming, S. M., J. Salcedo, C. B. Hutson, E. Rockenstein, E. Masliah, M. S. Levine, and M.-F. Chesselet, submitted | |
| Parkin knockout | Exon 3 deletion | Locomotor activity, alternation in T-maze | Reduced response to amphetamine | 51 |
| Exon 3 deletion | Challenging beam, response to sensory stimuli | Decreased grooming response to intrastriatal DA | 52; Fleming, S. M., N. T. Maidment, and M.-F. Chesselet, unpublished observations | |
| Exon 7 deletion | Startle response | NA | 53 | |
| Exon 2 deletion | None detected in tests used | No difference in locomotor activity after amphetamine | 54 | |
| Spontaneous (Quaking mouse) | Locomotor activity | Enhanced response to SKF 38393, Reduced response to LY 171555 | 60 | |
| DJ-1 knockout | Exon 2 | Locomotor activity | Reduced locomotor activity response to quinpirole | 74 |
| DJ-1 knockout | Exon 1 stop codon | None detected in tests used | Reduced locomotor activity response to amphetamine | 75 |
| Nurr1 heterozygote | Reduced Nurr1 | Rotarod, locomotor activity | Enhanced locomotor activity after methamphetamine | 82 |
| Pitx3-aphakia | Loss of Pitx3 | Challenging beam, pole test, and spontaneous activity | Reversal with l-DOPA | 61 |
NA = not assessed.