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Flow chart of proposed preprocessing method. (A) A horizontal-edge-detecting convolution using Prewitt operator removes the beadline and other vertical structures. (B) A bisigmoidal threshold is applied to create firm segregation between the detected edges and the uniform grey. (C) Images are resized to create uniform input for model training. (D) The droplet edges are removed by applying a circular black mask, whose radius is slightly lower than the half-width of the image.
