Table 2.
Penalized β-coefficients of predictor variables for failure of the transfemoral approach after internal validation in the derivation cohort (N = 887) and updated penalized β-coefficients of the final model based on the combined cohort (N = 1,998)
| Derivation cohort (N = 887) | Combined cohort (N = 1,998) | |
|---|---|---|
| Predictors | β-coefficients | β-coefficients |
| Intercept | −5.77 | −5.71 |
| Age (per decade) | 0.25 | 0.26 |
| Hypertension | −0.54 | −0.16 |
| Aortic arch elongation | ||
| Type IIa | −0.07 | 0.23 |
| Type IIIa | 1.33 | 1.45 |
| Aortic variants | ||
| Common origin IA-CCAb | 0.43 | 0.06 |
| Bovine archb | 0.94 | 0.44 |
| Tortuosity IA and CCAc | ||
| ≥1 angle ≥90° | 1.00 | 0.72 |
| Tortuosity cervical ICA | ||
| Angle ≥90° directly following bifurcation | 0.82 | 0.44 |
| ICA stenosis ≥99% | 1.34 | 0.78 |
CCA, common carotid artery; IA, innominate artery; ICA, internal carotid artery; LSA, left subclavian artery.
aReference category was type I (no elongation).
bReference category was “normal variant”: the IA, left CCA, and LSA branch directly from the aortic arch.
cThe presence of IA and CCA angles was combined, since these vessels were measured depending on the side of the intracranial vessel occlusion (i.e., left or right).