Table 3. The ratio variables of canine teeth with significant differentiating function based on discriminant analysis.
| Samples (N) | Late Antiquity (LA) | Early Middle Ages (EMA) | P* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Continental | Coastal | Continental | Coastal | |||
| INCISORS | ||||||
| Tooth wear/total area (%), median (IQR) | ||||||
| Total | 1011 | 15.85 (15.68) | 11.74 (9.64) | 15 (16.72) | 18.84 (12.24) | 0.002A,D |
| Male | 620 | 15.94 (12.95) | 11.11 (8.19) | 19.89 (19.4) | 18.42 (17.39) | 0.008A,D |
| Female | 378 | 14.16 (16.38) | 13.95 (10.53) | 12.8 (15.69) | 18.92 (7.72) | 273 |
| Young age | 270 | 9.85 (7.75) | 7.87 (9.45) | 9.11 (16.48) | 7.1 (0.95) | 563 |
| Middle age | 603 | 15.91 (15.46) | 13.75 (9.06) | 16.02 (12.35) | 19.01 (12.2) | 0.031D |
| Old age | 125 | 25.97 (13.65) | 19.68 (1.39) | 28.5 (7.66) | 19.66 (7.89) | 274 |
| Tooth wear/total area (%), median (IQR) – Right incisors | ||||||
| Total | 513 | 14.72 (14.22) | 10.8 (12.97) | 12.86 (15.22) | 18.16 (13.68) | 0.014A,D |
| Male | 317 | 16.09 (13.93) | 10.71 (14.29) | 21 (11.64) | 17.31 (18.11) | 46 |
| Female | 188 | 13.45 (14.36) | 13.26 (10.3) | 10.38 (8.46) | 19.49 (8.69) | 133 |
| Young age | 139 | 10.32 (8.61) | 7.89 (9.05) | 8.9 (9.38) | 7.83 (1.05) | 494 |
| Middle age | 306 | 14.97 (12.19) | 11.18 (16.97) | 18 (9.51) | 18.64 (14.2) | 144 |
| Old age | 60 | 24.89 (17.07) | 17.32 (4.06) | 24.64 (20.58) | 19.25 (8.17) | 363 |
| Tooth wear/total area (%), median (IQR) – Left incisors | ||||||
| Total | 498 | 16.47 (14.13) | 10.08 (9.72) | 10.51 (18.82) | 18.48 (12.39) | 0.002A,D |
| Male | 303 | 16.12 (13.22) | 8.69 (8.81) | 13.03 (18.66) | 18.65 (13.62) | 0.020A,D |
| Female | 190 | 16.96 (16.49) | 11.72 (10.21) | 6.5 (9.88) | 16.73 (8.91) | 143 |
| Young age | 131 | 7.7 (9) | 6.32 (11.11) | 8.83 (5.36) | 5.79 (0.68) | 703 |
| Middle age | 297 | 16.52 (13.55) | 10.08 (7.97) | 9.75 (17.86) | 18.65 (11.37) | 0.009A,D |
| Old age | 65 | 26.58 (13.4) | 21.02 (0.21) | 20.69 (10.71) | 19.78 (6.7) | 230 |
| CANINES | ||||||
| Tooth wear/total area (%), median (IQR) | ||||||
| Total | 655 | 10.83 (11.41) | 7.47 (7.37) | 9.13 (13.77) | 12.91 (9.81) | 0.022D |
| Male | 412 | 11.21 (10) | 7.59 (6.66) | 9.81 (11.53) | 14.9 (11.61) | 0.003D |
| Female | 235 | 8.84 (12.72) | 7.93 (8.23) | 5.79 (9.97) | 8.15 (5.26) | 759 |
| Young age | 164 | 8.84 (9.72) | 4.21 (4.49) | 4.41 (5.12) | 4.12 (2.34) | 491 |
| Middle age | 392 | 9.45 (7.72) | 7.59 (6.91) | 10.47 (13.64) | 12.81 (10.64) | 56 |
| Old age | 91 | 22.27 (16.24) | 15.15 (11.8) | 15.78 (6.94) | 14.92 (4.63) | 196 |
| Tooth wear/total area (%), median (IQR) – Right canines | ||||||
| Total | 336 | 10.69 (11.44) | 7.9 (7.9) | 9.48 (13.78) | 11.55 (12.64) | 65 |
| Male | 211 | 11.35 (9.44) | 7.2 (7.43) | 10.21 (19.3) | 14.61 (13.98) | 0.004D |
| Female | 121 | 7.76 (15.18) | 12.29 (8.15) | 8.73 (12.75) | 8.04 (4.12) | 916 |
| Young age | 83 | 7.22 (7.49) | 5.55 (2.56) | 6.67 (9.51) | 7.13 (2.59) | 907 |
| Middle age | 202 | 9.7 (7.88) | 8.22 (7.27) | 11.2 (18.88) | 10.94 (13.88) | 50 |
| Old age | 47 | 23.41 (21.36) | 14.31 (14.68) | 16.94 (7.56) | 15.8 (8.79) | 403 |
| Tooth wear/total area (%), median (IQR) – Left canines | ||||||
| Total | 319 | 10 (12) | 6.28 (8.21) | 8 (9.94) | 10.93 (13.18) | 0.013D |
| Male | 201 | 11.84 (12.11) | 6.53 (8.16) | 11.13 (7.7) | 16.2 (12.25) | 0.008D |
| Female | 114 | 8.68 (13.25) | 3.91 (7.55) | 2.34 (6.96) | 6.69 (3.1) | 258 |
| Young age | 81 | 6.78 (10.3) | 2.74 (3.3) | 2.34 (4.71) | 3.65 (4.42) | 315 |
| Middle age | 190 | 8.68 (8.6) | 6.53 (7.51) | 10.22 (8.41) | 11.44 (14.12) | 143 |
| Old age | 44 | 24.01 (10.23) | 14.59 (12.2) | 14.02 (7.95) | 16.95 (8.57) | 210 |
| PREMOLARS | ||||||
| Tooth wear/total area (%), median (IQR) | ||||||
| Total | 1242 | 8.3 (10.36) | 4.58 (4.75) | 7.06 (7.35) | 11.12 (12.9) | 0.001A,D |
| Male | 785 | 8.3 (12.67) | 4.4 (4.95) | 12 (9.88) | 11.63 (11.34) | 0.004D |
| Female | 439 | 8.49 (9.76) | 5.46 (3.31) | 6.53 (2.19) | 6.69 (10.47) | 344 |
| Young age | 323 | 5.82 (5.42) | 4.26 (3.64) | 6.35 (3.4) | 5.42 (2.97) | 596 |
| Middle age | 749 | 7.95 (9.08) | 4.15 (4.02) | 7.54 (10.46) | 11.16 (12.43) | 0.001A,D |
| Old age | 152 | 24.62 (22.16) | 36.85 (29.42) | 15.88 (4.85) | 13.84 (10.88) | 293 |
| Tooth wear/total area (%), median (IQR) – Right premolars | ||||||
| Total | 613 | 7.71 (11.12) | 4.07 (5.49) | 7.48 (10.67) | 10.14 (8.91) | <0.001A,D |
| Male | 388 | 7.44 (10.99) | 4.39 (3.84) | 8.18 (12.45) | 11.31 (10.03) | 0.002D |
| Female | 217 | 8.35 (12.06) | 3.9 (4.13) | 7.06 (3.15) | 6.3 (10.59) | 258 |
| Young age | 161 | 5.59 (6.21) | 4.72 (2.69) | 6.9 (2.96) | 3.39 (3.04) | 240 |
| Middle age | 374 | 7.38 (11.16) | 3.88 (3.54) | 5.9 (15.52) | 9.54 (8.07) | <0.001A,D |
| Old age | 70 | 24.69 (24.66) | 20.81 (11.96) | 16.71 (5.37) | 14.46 (7.78) | 382 |
| Tooth wear/total area (%), median (IQR) – Left premolars | ||||||
| Total | 629 | 6.88 (10.91) | 4.75 (5.31) | 6.25 (5.37) | 10.67 (11.6) | 0.003D |
| Male | 397 | 6.88 (11.41) | 4.73 (6.51) | 7.8 (11.24) | 11.02 (10.74) | 0.021D |
| Female | 222 | 6.42 (8.6) | 4.75 (2.9) | 6.07 (4.85) | 8.46 (11.21) | 327 |
| Young age | 162 | 4.83 (3.77) | 2.86 (2.09) | 5.72 (3.74) | 4.38 (2.73) | 564 |
| Middle age | 375 | 6.71 (7.14) | 4.73 (4.19) | 9.47 (2.96) | 10.62 (12.09) | 0.008D |
| Old age | 82 | 25.11 (22.93) | 41.17 (34.25) | 11.24 (15.83) | 12.87 (9.07) | 277 |
| MOLARS | ||||||
| Tooth wear/total area (%), median (IQR) | ||||||
| Total | 1570 | 15.5 (15.56) | 9.22 (10.51) | 15.28 (21.8) | 20.75 (23.05) | <0.001A,D |
| Male | 998 | 15.36 (15.16) | 9.59 (8.79) | 17.79 (22.18) | 24.66 (24.39) | 0.003D |
| Female | 547 | 16.19 (16.76) | 8.58 (7.98) | 8.41 (17.01) | 19.71 (13.84) | 395 |
| Young age | 445 | 8.7 (8.22) | 5.61 (1.78) | 8.21 (5.73) | 6.08 (0.41) | 81 |
| Middle age | 914 | 15.58 (10.33) | 11.91 (7.5) | 23.35 (17.53) | 19.14 (20.75) | 0.011D |
| Old age | 186 | 34.15 (19.64) | 23.1 (13.49) | 36.45 (9.29) | 32.37 (12.71) | 639 |
| Tooth wear/total area (%), median (IQR) – Right molars | ||||||
| Total | 789 | 14.56 (16.22) | 9.8 (9.86) | 15.24 (25.07) | 18.16 (24.91) | 0.018D |
| Male | 494 | 13.14 (15.54) | 9.88 (9.93) | 15.59 (26.59) | 19.51 (26.35) | 0.022D |
| Female | 284 | 16.24 (16.09) | 9.8 (3.21) | 12.17 (15.11) | 15.69 (17.99) | 323 |
| Young age | 218 | 9.95 (9.12) | 5.45 (1.79) | 11.59 (7.5) | 6.3 (0.38) | 121 |
| Middle age | 466 | 14.66 (15.37) | 10.76 (6.84) | 22.15 (20.21) | 18.1 (23.08) | 91 |
| Old age | 94 | 36.54 (25.57) | 17.77 (14.61) | 37.63 (9.45) | 36.24 (17.85) | 732 |
| Tooth wear/total area (%), median (IQR) – Left molars | ||||||
| Total | 781 | 15.12 (16.36) | 8.74 (7.44) | 13.28 (20.93) | 21.44 (22.2) | <0.001A,D |
| Male | 504 | 16.55 (15.42) | 9.6 (7.34) | 19.28 (21.57) | 24.07 (24.05) | 0.002A,D |
| Female | 263 | 14.09 (18.29) | 7.75 (7.06) | 7.68 (18.96) | 18.3 (17.06) | 120 |
| Young age | 227 | 9.71 (7.92) | 6.01 (2.79) | 6.98 (6.73) | 5.76 (1.12) | 168 |
| Middle age | 448 | 14.87 (13.32) | 9.95 (7.17) | 23.14 (17.66) | 21.44 (24.67) | <0.001D |
| Old age | 92 | 37.25 (21.98) | 29.81 (15.23) | 34.99 (9.78) | 27.76 (8.83) | 359 |
* Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post hoc test for significant associations. Abbreviations for significant post hoc tests: A – LA Continental & LA Coastal; B – EMA Continental & EMA Coastal; C – LA Continental & EMA Continental; D – LA Coastal & EMA Coastal