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. 2023 Nov 2;30(10):1748–1758. doi: 10.1093/ibd/izad247

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© 2023 Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 4. — The most frequently discussed flare-related topics by patients with ulcerative colitis (A) in the United States and (B) in European countries. Flare-related posts, including those from the same author pre- and postflare, were identified from posts written by patients with ulcerative colitis on 8 online public forums in 6 different countries due to the inclusion of keywords. Posts were stratified by region (United States and European countries [France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom]) and color-coded by topics; each node represents a post, and connections represent similar language used across the posts. Centrally located nodes represent core concepts and peripheral nodes represent niche concepts. Percentages represent total volume of posts.