Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of IBI among the general adult population in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2005–2010 (weighted).
| Variables | Quartiles of IBI |
p-Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1(<0.143) | Q2(0.143–0.390) | Q3(0.390–1.046) | Q4(≥1.046) | ||
| Participants,n | 3830 | 3824 | 3839 | 3832 | |
| Gender(%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Male | 2004(52.33) | 2050(53.63) | 1777(46.30) | 1472(38.42) | |
| Female | 1826(47.67) | 1774(46.37) | 2062(53.70) | 2360(61.58) | |
| Age (mean ± SD) (years) | 43.16 ± 15.92 | 47.41 ± 16.39 | 48.64 ± 16.65 | 48.66 ± 16.88 | <0.001 |
| Race (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Mexican-American | 266(6.96) | 324(8.49) | 338(8.80) | 349(9.10) | |
| Other Hispanic | 165(4.30) | 173(4.54) | 177(4.63) | 160(4.19) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 2668(69.68) | 2719(71.10) | 2710(70.60) | 2719(70.95) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 412(10.77) | 370(9.68) | 403(10.50) | 466(12.16) | |
| Other Race | 319(8.29) | 238(6.19) | 211(5.47) | 138(3.60) | |
| Education level (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Below high school | 600(15.66) | 687(17.96) | 1121(20.92) | 809(21.12) | |
| High school | 786(20.54) | 945(24.72) | 986(25.69) | 1013(26.44) | |
| Above high school | 3154(63.80) | 2192(57.32) | 1732(53.59) | 2010(52.44) | |
| Marital status (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Married | 2207(57.62) | 2282(59.68) | 2243(58.43) | 2083(54.36) | |
| Separated | 520(13.58) | 653(17.07) | 793(20.66) | 882(23.02) | |
| Never married | 1103(28.80) | 889(23.25) | 803(20.91) | 867(22.62) | |
| Smoking status (%) | 0.002 | ||||
| Never smoker | 2832(73.95) | 2711(70.89) | 2783(72.51) | 2707(70.66) | |
| Former smoker | 130(3.40) | 144(3.76) | 124(3.24) | 111(2.91) | |
| Current smoker | 868(22.65) | 969(25.34) | 932(24.26) | 1014(26.43) | |
| Drinking status (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Non-drinker | 2068(53.99) | 2118(55.40) | 2193(57.13) | 2343(61.16) | |
| Low-to-moderate drinker | 1358(35.46) | 1306(34.16) | 1306(34.03) | 1157(30.21) | |
| Heavy drinker | 404(10.55) | 400(10.44) | 340(8.84) | 332(8.63) | |
| Hypertension (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 768(20.06) | 1095(28.65) | 1294(33.72) | 1506(39.30) | |
| No | 3062(79.94) | 2729(71.35) | 2545(66.28) | 2326(60.70) | |
| DM (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 189(4.95) | 271(7.08) | 332(8.65) | 485(12.65) | |
| No | 3641(95.05) | 3553(92.92) | 3507(91.35) | 3347(87.35) | |
| PIR (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| 0–1 | 411(10.73) | 435(11.38) | 490(12.77) | 587(15.32) | |
| 1–3 | 1169(30.52) | 1225(32.04) | 1362(35.48) | 1401(36.56) | |
| >3 | 2250(58.75) | 2164(56.58) | 1987(51.75) | 1844(48.12) | |
| BMI (mean ± SD) (kg/m2) | 25.08 ± 4.37 | 27.84 ± 5.30 | 29.73 ± 6.09 | 32.90 ± 8.27 | <0.001 |
| WBC (mean ± SD) (1000 cells/μL) | 6.46 ± 2.24 | 6.97 ± 1.89 | 7.47 ± 2.02 | 8.44 ± 2.52 | <0.001 |
| PLT (mean ± SD) (1000 cells/μL) | 248.01 ± 59.90 | 256.81 ± 65.46 | 266.17 ± 67.56 | 283.46 ± 78.37 | <0.001 |
| Hb (mean ± SD) (g/dL) | 14.42 ± 1.45 | 14.52 ± 1.44 | 14.37 ± 1.50 | 14.02 ± 1.54 | <0.001 |
| Alb (mean ± SD) (g/dL) | 4.39 ± 0.29 | 4.31 ± 0.30 | 4.23 ± 0.31 | 4.04 ± 0.37 | <0.001 |
| ALT (mean ± SD) (U/L) | 24.19 ± 14.27 | 26.44 ± 15.96 | 27.25 ± 18.54 | 25.94 ± 24.18 | 0.096 |
| AST (mean ± SD) (U/L) | 25.52 ± 11.91 | 25.89 ± 13.66 | 26.31 ± 13.21 | 25.70 ± 19.13 | <0.001 |
| BUN (mean ± SD) (mg/dL) | 12.72 ± 4.59 | 13.12 ± 4.97 | 13.00 ± 5.23 | 13.05 ± 6.52 | 0.004 |
| Cr (mean ± SD) (mg/dL) | 0.89 ± 0.29 | 0.90 ± 0.26 | 0.90 ± 0.29 | 0.90 ± 0.47 | 0.351 |
| UA (mean ± SD) (mg/dL) | 5.12 ± 1.32 | 5.45 ± 1.36 | 5.56 ± 1.40 | 5.67 ± 1.53 | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mean ± SD) (mg/dL) | 129.31 ± 118.57 | 155.96 ± 117.66 | 173.35 ± 128.61 | 169.87 ± 123.28 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol | 192.31 ± 38.82 | 198.69 ± 41.11 | 202.87 ± 42.55 | 198.94 ± 42.26 | <0.001 |
| (mean ± SD) (mg/dL) | |||||
| CHF(%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 44(1.16) | 47(1.23) | 85(2.21) | 162(4.24) | |
| No | 3786(98.84) | 3777(98.87) | 3754(97.79) | 3670(95.76) | |
| CHD(%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 82(2.14) | 112(2.93) | 158(4.13) | 147(3.83) | |
| No | 3748(97.86) | 3712(97.07) | 3681(95.87) | 3685(96.17) | |
| Angina pectoris(%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 59(1.55) | 56(1.46) | 93(2.43) | 119(3.19) | |
| No | 3771(98.45) | 3768(98.54) | 3746(97.57) | 3713(96.81) | |
| Stroke(%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 65(1.69) | 87(2.29) | 117(3.05) | 166(4.35) | |
| No | 3765(98.31) | 3737(97.71) | 3722(96.95) | 3666(95.65) | |
| CVD(%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 178(4.64) | 295(7.71) | 408(10.63) | 586(15.29) | |
| No | 3652(95.36) | 3529(92.29) | 3431(89.37) | 3246(84.71) | |
1. Values are weighted means ± SE for continuous variables or weighted percentages for categorical variables. 2. PIR: poverty/income ratio; DM: diabetes mellitus; BMI: body mass index; WBC: white blood cells; PLT: platelets; Hb: hemoglobin; Alb: albumin; ALT: alanine transaminase; AST: aspartate transaminase; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; Cr: creatinine; UA: uric acid; CVD: cardiovascular disease; CHF: congestive heart failure; CHD: coronary heart disease.3. The significance of differences between quartiles is indicated by the p-value. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.