Table 2.
The association of tertiles of S100β with clinical parameters and outcome indicators in patients with different lateralization stroke
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR/β (95% CI) | P | OR/β (95% CI) | P | OR/β (95% CI) | P | OR/β (95% CI) | P | |
| NIHSS 24 ha (Beta coefficient) | ||||||||
| Dominant hemisphere | ||||||||
| T1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| T2 | 1.447 (0.234–2.661) | 0.020 | 1.442 (0.229–2.654) | 0.020 | 1.357 (0.141–2.572) | 0.029 | 0.575 (− 0.406 to 1.556) | 0.250 |
| T3 | 6.594 (5.386–7.802) | < 0.001 | 6.432 (5.212–7.652) | < 0.001 | 6.447 (5.203–7.691) | < 0.001 | 3.470 (2.392–4.548) | < 0.001 |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Non-dominant hemisphere | ||||||||
| T1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| T2 | − 0.052 (− 1.244 to 1.139) | 0.931 | 0.014 (− 1.172 to 1.201) | 0.981 | − 0.072 (− 1.274 to 1.130) | 0.907 | − 0.009 (− 1.044 to 1.027) | 0.987 |
| T3 | 0.296 (− 0.894 to 1.485) | 0.626 | 0.315 (− 0.869 to 1.498) | 0.602 | 0.472 (− 0.746 to 1.691) | 0.447 | 0.326 (− 0.735 to 1.387) | 0.547 |
| P for trend | 0.636 | 0.608 | 0.462 | 0.559 | ||||
| Infarct volumeb (beta coefficient) | ||||||||
| Dominant hemisphere | ||||||||
| T1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| T2 | − 0.258 (− 13.556 to 13.040) | 0.970 | − 0.010 (− 13.332 to 13.311) | 0.999 | − 0.468 (− 13.850 to 12.913) | 0.945 | − 4.211 (− 17.338 to 8.915) | 0.529 |
| T3 | 46.801 (33.741–59.860) | < 0.001 | 45.939 (32.707–59.170) | < 0.001 | 46.128 (32.671–59.585) | < 0.001 | 36.853 (22.659–51.048) | < 0.001 |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Non-dominant hemisphere | ||||||||
| T1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| T2 | 5.394 (− 6.950 to 17.738) | 0.391 | 5.306 (− 7.044 to 17.656) | 0.399 | 5.890 (− 6.532 to 18.311) | 0.352 | 7.169 (− 5.206 to 19.544) | 0.255 |
| T3 | 20.783 (8.347–33.220) | < 0.001 | 20.661 (8.229–33.093) | < 0.001 | 23.912 (11.114–36.710) | < 0.001 | 23.645 (10.774–36.516) | < 0.001 |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| mRS 2–6 c (odds ratio) | ||||||||
| Dominant hemisphere | ||||||||
| T1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| T2 | 1.586 (1.027–2.449) | 0.038 | 1.621 (1.046–2.511) | 0.031 | 1.561 (0.997–2.446) | 0.052 | 1.383 (0.849–2.254) | 0.193 |
| T3 | 7.514 (4.428–12.750) | < 0.001 | 7.160 (4.203–12.199) | < 0.001 | 8.041 (4.602–14.047) | < 0.001 | 5.436 (2.936–10.064) | < 0.001 |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Non-dominant hemisphere | ||||||||
| T1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| T2 | 0.895 (0.581–1.377) | 0.612 | 0.915 (0.592–1.412) | 0.687 | 0.903 (0.581–1.405) | 0.652 | 0.850 (0.528–1.368) | 0.503 |
| T3 | 0.930 (0.605–1.430) | 0.742 | 0.937 (0.607–1.444) | 0.766 | 0.943 (0.602–1.477) | 0.798 | 0.882 (0.538–1.445) | 0.619 |
| P for trend | 0.963 | 0.758 | 0.784 | 0.597 | ||||
The number of patients with both sides of stroke was limited; therefore, the analysis was conducted in patients with dominant or non-dominant hemisphere stroke. The results of Model 5 were the same with those of Models 1–4 and were shown in Additional file 1: Table S3
Model 1 was unadjusted; Model 2 was adjusted for age and sex; Model 3 was adjusted for age, sex and vascular risk factors (including cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, previous ischemic stroke and coronary heart disease); Model 4 was adjusted for age, sex, vascular risk factors and clinical data (including SBP, DBP, HR, blood glucose, admission NIHSS, onset-to-alteplase bolus time, TOAST, infarct location, and bridging therapy); Model 5 was adjusted using the confounders of Model 4 except for admission NIHSS score
Abbreviations: OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval, SBP Systolic blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, HR Heart rate, NIHSS National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, TOAST Trial of Org 10,172 in Acute Stroke Treatment classification, mRS modified Rankin Scale
aThe NIHSS score at 24 h was determined for all 1072 patients, of which 493 had dominant hemisphere stroke and 488 had non-dominant hemisphere stroke
bMagnetic resonance imaging was available for 986 patients. Therefore, 986 patients were included in the analysis of infarct volume, of whom 454 had dominant hemisphere stroke and 449 had non-dominant hemisphere stroke
cAll 1072 patients were included in the analysis of functional outcomes assessed by mRS, of whom 594 had mRS 2–6 (301 had dominant hemisphere stroke and 241 had non-dominant hemisphere stroke)