Fig. 1.
Overview of study design and analysis. A Classification of patients into low, moderate, and high ADAS-Cog groups based on quartiles. B Distribution of patient characteristics, including age, gender, BMI, and smoking habits. C-H Significant clinical parameters identified between ADAS-Cog groups. I Correlation analysis between significant and all clinical parameters. J UMAP visualization based on significant clinical parameters to depict inter-group differences