Table 1.

Comparison of age and mandibular parameters between schizophrenia and non-psychiatric control participants as a function of sex

	Males, N = 171		Females, N = 131		Statistical significance
	Schizophrenia	Controls	Schizophrenia	Controls
	(N = 98)(1)	(N = 73)(2)	(N = 45)(3)	(N = 86)(4)	(1)(2)	(3)(4)	(1)(3)	(2)(4)
Variables	mean ± SD	mean ± SD	mean ± SD	mean ± SD	P	P	P	P
Age	34.11 ± 7.49	34.19 ± 6.32	36.08 ± 6.97	35.55 ± 6.47	†0.944	†0.665	††0.150	††0.155
Ramus height	60.27 ± 5.18	50.56 ± 5.60	54.3 ± 5.51	44.77 ± 6.34	†<0.001*	† <0.001*	† <0.001*	† <0.001*
Condylar height	9.88 ± 1.83	8.50 ± 1.41	9.43 ± 1.45	7.84 ± 1.55	† <0.001*	††<0.001*	†0.147	††0.006*
Gonial angle	120.02 ± 8.04	122.17 ± 6.30	120.79 ± 5.30	123.56 ± 5.79	††0.096	††0.008*	†0.498	†0.169
Antegonial angle	157.3 ± 10.30	163.32 ± 10.07	166.7 ± 11.15	168.37 ± 8.39	† <0.001*	††0.731	††<0.001*	††0.002*
Antegonial notch depth	2.7 ± 0.98	1.97 ± 0.75	1.67 ± 0.86	1.52 ± 0.78	††<0.001*	††0.235	††<0.001*	†† <0.001*
Ramal notch depth	3.77 ± 0.91	3.01 ± 0.71	3.38 ± 0.97	2.88 ± 0.86	†† <0.001*	††0.011*	††0.009*	†0.325
Bigonial width	229.46 ± 15.85	189.99 ± 24.46	216.98 ± 16.29	180.42 ± 24.14	†† <0.001*	†† <0.001*	††<0.001*	††0.023*

SD: standard deviation, N: number of participants; ^†Student t-test, ^††Mann-Whitney U test, *Statistically significant difference at the 0.05 level