Fig 4.

Polarized e-bandage treatment reduces bacterial abundance observed in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. SEM images of 48-h wound biofilms containing MRSA or MRSA plus P. aeruginosa (PA) treated for 48-h with polarized or non-polarized e-bandages, or Tegaderm only, were blindly reviewed and scored for bacterial abundance, with the scores plotted in (A). Individual data points with the means (bars) are shown. Representative images are shown in (B) at 10,000× magnification. Statistical significance was determined via two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, with a single pooled variance. N = 3 samples per treatment type; 3–4 images per sample informed scoring. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01. **P ≤ 0.0001.