Table 5. Abnormal expression of CREB participates in the pathophysiology of BD.

Models	Tissue or Serum	Expression Level	Regulatory Role	Disease	Targets	References
Patients with BD	Lymphoblasts of patients	Up-regulation	Induced BD	Bipolar disorder	CREB Signal	[81]
Patients with BD	mPFC of depressed suicide victims	Increased significantly	Induced BD	Bipolar disorder	CREB	[82]
Patients with BD	Fibroblasts of subject	Up-regulation	Induced BD	Bipolar disorder	CREB	[83]
Patients with BD	DLPFC and CG of patients	Low expression	Induced BD	Bipolar disorder	CREB	[84]
Rat models of BD	Cell nuclei from the hippocampus of Rats	Down-regulation	Alleviated BD	Bipolar disorder	p-CREB/CaMKIV	[107]
Ouabain-induced rat models of BD	Frontal cortex and hippocampus of the rats	Down-regulation	Alleviated BD	Bipolar disorder	BDNF-TrkB-CREB	[108]
Hamster insulinoma tumor cells (HIT-T15)	Cell cultures	Up-regulation	Alleviated BD	Bipolar disorder	CREB-CBP-CRTC	[109]