Table 1.

Sociodemographic and Injury Characteristics for Persistent Post-Traumatic Headache Cohort

	Full Cohort (N=33)	Low Pain Coping (N=20)	High Pain Coping (N=13)	p-value
Sociodemographic Characteristics
Age (years)*	37.0 (16.5)	37.5 (16.3)	37.0 (7.5)	0.758
Body Mass Index (kg/m2)	29.9 (3.9)	29.5 (4.2)	30.4 (3.5)	0.751
Sex
Female	4 (12)	3 (15)	1 (8)	0.638
Male	29 (88)	17 (85)	12 (92)
Ethnicity
Not Hispanic	23 (70)	14 (70)	9 (69)	0.963
Hispanic	10 (30)	6 (30)	4 (31)
Race
White	23 (70)	13 (65)	10 (77)	0.914
Asian/Pacific Islander	5 (15)	3 (15)	2 (15)
Black	4 (12)	3 (15)	1 (8)
Multiracial	1 (3)	1 (5)	0 (0)
Education (years)	14.7 (1.7)	14.5 (1.6)	15.1 (1.8)	0.338
Branch of Military Service
Navy	17 (52)	13 (65)	4 (31)	0.224
Marine	8 (24)	4 (20)	4 (31)
Army	2 (6)	1 (5)	1 (8)
Air Force	2 (6)	0 (0)	2 (15)
Coast Guard/National Guard	2 (6)	1 (5)	1 (8)
Not reported	2 (6)	1 (5)	1 (8)
TBI Characteristics
BAT-L score (0–60 points)*	6.0 (5.0)	6.5 (5.5)	4.0 (3.0)	0.235
Number of lifetime TBIs	5.7 (6.3)	6.3 (6.9)	4.9 (5.5)	0.529
Time since most significant TBI (months)*	148.0 (111.5)	154.0 (160.0)	148.0 (63.0)	0.703
Grade of most significant TBI
Mild - Grade I	6 (18)	4 (20)	2 (15)	0.944
Mild - Grade II	22 (67)	13 (65)	9 (70)
Mild - Grade III	5 (15)	3 (15)	2 (15)
Mechanism of most significant TBI
Blunt only	27 (82)	17 (85)	10 (77)	0.621
Blast only	5 (15)	2 (10)	3 (23)
Blast with secondary blunt	1 (3)	1 (5)	0 (0)
Combat Related TBI
Yes	14 (42)	8 (40)	6 (46)	0.727
No	19 (58)	12 (60)	7 (54)

Values are number (%) or mean (SD) unless otherwise noted as *median (IQR)

TBI = Traumatic Brain Injury, BAT-L = Boston Assessment of Traumatic Brain Injury