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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Oct 4.
Published in final edited form as: Cephalalgia. 2021 Nov 17;42(6):510–523. doi: 10.1177/03331024211053572

Table 1.

Behavioral Change Techniques (BCTs) Used in Coded Apps.

APP NAME BCT Behavior-Health Link** Consequences** Others’ Approval Prompt Intention Formation** Prompt barrier Identification General Encouragement Graded Tasks Instruction** Model/Demonstrate Prompt specific goal setting** Self-Monitoring** Feedback** Contingent Rewards Teach Use Prompt Cues Behavioral Contract Prompt Practice Follow up prompts Social Comparison Social Support/Change** Prompt self-talk Relapse Prevention Stress Management** Time Management** Number of BCTs Number of BCTs
PainScale - Pain Tracker Diary X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 14 8
Migraine Buddy X X X X X X X X X X X X 12 6
Easeday: Headache & Migraine X X X X X X X X X X X 11 7
Breathscape: Deep Breathing X X X X X X X X X X X 11 6
Curable X X X X X X X X X X X 11 5
Migraine Trainer X X X X X X X X X X 10 7
Woebot - Your Self-Care Expert X X X X X X X X X X 10 5
Migraine Relief Yoga - Sinus & Headache Relief X X X X X X X X X 9 5
Symple Symptom Tracker X X X X X X X X 8 6
MigraineManager: Headache Assistant & Diary X X X X X X X X 8 6
OpenCare - Track Symptoms X X X X X X X X 8 6
Headspace: Meditation & Sleep X X X X X X X X 8 5
NI-Headache Trigger & Protector Diary X X X X X X X 7 6
iMigraine - Migraine Tracker X X X X X X X 7 6
BonTriage Headache Compass X X X X X X X 7 6
Canadian Migraine Tracker X X X X X X X 7 6
Wave: Your Health Tracker X X X X X X X 7 5
Migraine Coach X X X X X X X 7 5
Headache Diary (mEL Studio) X X X X X X X 7 5
Migraine Insight: Tracker X X X X X X X 7 5
Migraine Monitor X X X X X X X 7 4
MigraineCue X X X X X X 6 6
Migraine Healthline X X X X X X 6 5
HeadApp Migraine Diary X X X X X X 6 5
Migraine Hack X X X X X X 6 5
Migraine and Headache X X X X X X 6 4
My Cluster Headache X X X X X X 6 4
TracknShare LITE X X X X X X 6 4
MyMigraine X X X X X 5 5
Migraine Diary (AppsByDocs) X X X X X 5 4
Headache Log (Logical Enigma) X X X X X 5 4
iHeadache - Free Headache & Migraine X X X X X 5 4
Headache Diary Free X X X X X 5 4
Headache Tracker - Migraine & Headache Log X X X X X 5 2
How to Cure Headache (free Creativity 2019) X X X X 4 4
Cure Migraine Home Remedies X X X X 4 4
Migraine Sensor X X X X 4 4
Migraine Diary (Steveloper) X X X X 4 4
Headache and Migraine - Relief X X X X 4 3
Breathe In - Calm Exercises X X X X 4 3
Acupressure: Headache Relief X X X X 4 3
Migraine Headache Protocols X X X X 4 3
HeadacheTrackr X X X X 4 3
ClusterUck X X X X 4 3
Headache Diary (Tenacity) X X X X 4 3
HeadacheDiary - Lite X X X X 4 3
How to Cure Headache (Apps How to Apps) X X X 3 3
Tension Headache X X X 3 3
Headache Log (AR Productions) X X X 3 3
Simple Migraine Tracker X X X 3 3
Headache Log (Manu Guptra) X X X 3 2
Migraine Treatment - Tips and Guide X X 2 2
Migraine Relief Hypnosis - Headache & Pain Help X X 2 2
Migraine and Headache Diary X X 2 2
Migraine Relief Antistress/Migraine Headache Relief Music 0 0
Totals 40 37 29 28 4 5 0 37 8 1 38 40 8 17 0 8 1 5 2 2 1 13 0 324 236

Note.

**

denotes pain management BCTs; the 3 BCTs not included in the table were not found in any of the apps reviewed.