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. 2024 Oct 4;14:23103. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-73858-y

Table 5.

Path parameter estimation results of the mediating effect test.

Research hypothesis: Mediation path Indirect effect Direct effect Total effect LLCL ULCL Mediating effect
H5a: EC→WTP→TBP 0.022 0.052 0.240 0.078 0.166 Established
H5b: EE→WTP→TBP 0.018 −0.008 0.199 0.055 0.126 Established
H5c: EV→→WTP→TBP 0.015 −0.074 0.035 0.023 0.084 Established
H5d: ES→→WTP→TBP 0.024 0.084 0.275 0.090 0.184 Established

LLCL is the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval; ULCI is the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval.