Table 2.
Includes the investigated variables in three categories of laboratory, psychological and clinical variables in men and women and comparing their changes before and after participating in rehabilitation sessions
| Pre | Post | Difference post–pre | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | P value | Male | Female | p value | Male | Female | P value+ | |
| Lifestyle | |||||||||
| BMI | 26.70 ± 3.61 | 29.41 ± 5.03 | < 0.001 | 26.21 ± 3.51 | 28.74 ± 4.75 | < 0.001 | − 0.49 ± 0.91 | − 0.67 ± 1.14 | 0.859 |
| Smoking | 375(31.2%) | 15(3.3%) | < 0.001 | 167(18.6%) | 3(0.9%) | < 0.001 | 208(38.4%) | 12(66.6%) | 0.001+ |
| Physical Activity | 5.64 ± 2.64 | 4.91 ± 2.22 | < 0.001 | 6.77 ± 2.84 | 6.13 ± 2.63 | 0.006 | 1.13 ± 2.51 | 0.33 ± 2.41 | 0.001+ |
| Psychological | |||||||||
| Quality of life − Emotional | 4.91 ± 0.93 | 4.39 ± 0.97 | < 0.001 | 5.07 ± 0.82 | 4.72 ± 0.89 | < 0.001 | 0.16 ± 0.80 | 0.33 ± 0.81 | 0.028+ |
| Quality of life − Social | 4.98 ± 1.08 | 4.47 ± 1.10 | < 0.001 | 5.43 ± 0.97 | 5.13 ± 1.07 | < 0.001 | 0.45 ± 0.94 | 0.66 ± 0.99 | 0.018+ |
| Quality of life − physical | 4.80 ± 1.08 | 4.32 ± 1.9 | < 0.001 | 5.34 ± 0.95 | 4.91 ± 1.04 | < 0.001 | 0.54 ± 0.91 | 0.59 ± 0.91 | 0.030+ |
| Anxiety | 37.50 ± 9.44 | 43.58 ± 12 | < 0.001 | 35.82 ± 8.87 | 42.21 ± 12.55 | < 0.001 | − 1.68 ± 7.68 | − 1.37 ± 8.97 | 0.819 |
| Depression | 8.99 ± 7.85 | 10.84 ± 8.92 | < 0.001 | 7.41 ± 7.68 | 3.17 ± 9.96 | < 0.001 | − 1.58 ± 5.83 | − 7.67 ± 7.17 | 0.311 |
| Clinical | |||||||||
| SBP (mmHg),rest | 115.97 ± 17.79 | 118.35 ± 18.09 | 0.047 | 114.40 ± 16.91 | 115.47 ± 15.17 | 0.438 | − 1.57 ± 18.88 | − 2.88 ± 17.33 | 0.726 |
| SBP (mmHg),max | 130.50 ± 22.35 | 131.12 ± 24.73 | 0.674 | 71.84 ± 10.49 | 72.49 ± 9.80 | 0.330 | − 58.66 ± 20.16 | − 58.6 ± 81.73 | 0.299 |
| DBP(mmHg),rest | 71.84 ± 10.49 | 72.49 ± 9.80 | 0.330 | 71.34 ± 9.91 | 71.94 ± 9.36 | 0.465 | − 0.50 ± 11.16 | − 0.55 ± 11.08 | 0.625 |
| DBP(mmHg),max | 77.92 ± 10.73 | 78.98 ± 11.64 | 0.137 | 77.25 ± 11.06 | 79.03 ± 14.65 | 0.051 | − 0.67 ± 12.24 | − 0.05 ± 16.63 | 0.632 |
| METs | 9.41 ± 2.81 | 6.56 ± 2.29 | < 0.001 | 12.30 ± 2.91 | 8.67 ± 2.45 | < 0.001 | 2.89 ± 2.62 | 2.11 ± 1.82 | 0.001+ |
| EF | 49.86 ± 11.48 | 53.80 ± 11.06 | < 0.001 | 52.85 ± 10.37 | 55.65 ± 10.25 | < 0.001 | 2.99 ± 11.97 | 1.85 ± 7.44 | 0.617 |
| Lab data | |||||||||
| FBS | 106.63 ± 33.04 | 119.07 ± 46.44 | < 0.001 | 104.12 ± 28.35 | 113.78 ± 40.99 | < 0.001 | − 2.51 ± 23.82 | − 5.29 ± 41.19 | 0.321 |
| LDL | 109.83 ± 43.91 | 123.28 ± 47 | < 0.001 | 103.37 ± 38.46 | 115.63 ± 42.71 | < 0.001 | − 6.46 ± 33.89 | − 7.65 ± 40.35 | 0.501 |
| HDL | 39.31 ± 14.50 | 42.71 ± 9.90 | < 0.001 | 39.54 ± 10.31 | 44.04 ± 9.68 | < 0.001 | 0.23 ± 9.90 | 1.33 ± 10.10 | 0.150 |
| TG | 179.24 ± 98.59 | 201.25 ± 104.40 | < 0.001 | 167.78 ± 89.72 | 190.54 ± 101.76 | < 0.001 | − 11.46 ± 85.18 | − 10.71 ± 91.02 | 0.959 |
| Cholesterol | 186.48 ± 54.28 | 209.26 ± 57.44 | < 0.001 | 176.65 ± 47.56 | 200.01 ± 52.91 | < 0.001 | − 9.83 ± 41.86 | − 9.25 ± 49.93 | 0.954 |
Bold indicates significant result
Body Mass Index. Based on IPAQ score (International Physical Activity Questionnaire). SBP; systolic blood pressure, DBP; diastolic blood pressure, FBS; fasting blood sugar, LDL; low density lipoprotein, HDL; high density lipoprotein, TG; triglyceride
+ : Comparing the differences between pre- and post- CR in both male and female