Table 2.
Baseline age and concurrent medications for the study population classified by prescription of loop diuretics and diagnosis of heart failure
| Variable | Neither (18–59 yrs) | Neither (≥60 yrs) | LD only | HF only | Both: LD + HF |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 72 236 | 89 699 | 23 963 | 5156 | 7844 |
| Age (years) | 50 (41–55) | 72 (66–78) | 75 (65–83) | 69 (59–78) | 77 (68–83) |
| Medicationa | |||||
| ACEi or ARB | 34 436 (48%) | 60 624 (68%) | 11 638 (49%) | 3992 (77%) | 5769 (74%) |
| ACEi | 27 746 (38%) | 45 540 (51%) | 8498 (35%) | 3320 (64%) | 4572 (58%) |
| ARB | 7459 (10%) | 16 406 (18%) | 3687 (15%) | 785 (15%) | 1465 (19%) |
| Beta-blocker | 27 941 (39%) | 40 555 (45%) | 8512 (36%) | 3542 (69%) | 5054 (64%) |
| MRA | 462 (1%) | 600 (1%) | 971 (4%) | 173 (3%) | 1179 (15%) |
| Calcium channel blockers | 12901 (18%) | 32 213 (36%) | 7516 (31%) | 1220 (24%) | 1737 (22%) |
| Diltiazem/verapamil | 1045 (1%) | 3872 (4%) | 1801 (8%) | 254 (5%) | 351 (4%) |
| Dihydropyridine | 11 907 (16%) | 28 485 (32%) | 5784 (24%) | 982 (19%) | 1403 (18%) |
| Digoxin | 115 (0%) | 1461 (2%) | 1792 (7%) | 366 (7%) | 1772 (23%) |
| Thiazideb | 11 151 (15%) | 31 103 (35%) | 1499 (6%) | 591 (11%) | 307 (4%) |
| NSAIDs | 12 962 (18%) | 11 559 (13%) | 3289 (14%) | 430 (8%) | 441 (6%) |
| Low-dose aspirin | 12 091 (17%) | 40 474 (45%) | 10 727 (45%) | 3383 (66%) | 4409 (56%) |
| Oral anticoagulant | 646 (1%) | 4114 (5%) | 2789 (12%) | 722 (14%) | 2253 (29%) |
| Lipid regulator | 21 382 (30%) | 57 287 (64%) | 13 975 (58%) | 3999 (78%) | 5743 (73%) |
| Bronchodilators | 6691 (9%) | 11 580 (13%) | 5988 (25%) | 839 (16%) | 2108 (27%) |
| Thyroid medications | 3375 (5%) | 8360 (9%) | 3218 (13%) | 350 (7%) | 949 (12%) |
| Hypoglycaemic agents | 8049 (11%) | 13 689 (15%) | 4390 (18%) | 694 (13%) | 1862 (24%) |
| Insulinc | 2085 (3%) | 2030 (2%) | 1196 (5%) | 146 (3%) | 650 (8%) |
| Other hypoglycaemic agents | 6781 (9%) | 12 771 (14%) | 3798 (16%) | 626 (12%) | 1515 (19%) |
Data are frequencies (%) for categorical values or median (first–third quartile) for continuous values.
ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists; NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
aA prescription dispensed 180 days before through 1 January 2012.
bThiazide or thiazide-related medications.
cEither alone or in combination with another agent.