Table 2.
List of antidepressant drugs under different phases of clinical trials, along with their mechanism of action, therapeutic indication, and their current trial number
| Drug name | Mechanism of action | Therapeutic indication | Current status | Clinical trial number | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psilocybin | Serotonin (5-HT2A) receptor agonist | Major depressive disorder | Phase II/III | NCT04670081 | Husain et al. (2023) |
| Esketamine | NMDA receptor antagonist | Treatment-resistant depression | Approved/phase IV | NCT03434041 | Zaki et al. (2023) |
| Zuranolone (SAGE-217) | GABA-A receptor positive allosteric modulator | Major depressive disorder | Phase III | NCT04442503 | Hoffmann et al. (2020) |
| Rapastinel | NMDA receptor partial agonist | Major depressive disorder | Phase III (discontinued) | NCT03668600 | Donello et al. (2019) |
| Amitifadine | Triple reuptake inhibitor (SERT, NET, DAT) | Major depressive disorder | Phase II | NCT02781315 | Sharma et al. (2015) |
| BHV-5000 | NMDA receptor modulator | Treatment-resistant depression | Phase II | NCT03080740 | Moore et al. (2022) |
| Agomelatine | Melatonergic agonist and 5-HT2C antagonist | Major depressive disorder | Phase IV (Post-marketing) | NCT04355650 | Olié et al. (2007) |
| JZP-386 | GABA-A receptor modulator | Major depressive disorder | Phase I | NCT04691675 | Luscher et al. (2011) |
| BTRX-246040 | κ-opioid receptor antagonist | Major depressive disorder | Phase I/II | NCT04225155 | Witkin et al. (2019) |
| MIN-117 | Serotonin (5-HT1A) and dopamine (D2) receptor modulator | Major depressive disorder | Phase II | NCT02417188 | Kaufman et al. (2016) |
| AXS-05 | NMDA receptor antagonist and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor | Treatment-resistant depression | Phase III | NCT04408705 | Iosifescu et al. (2022) |
| Seltorexant (JNJ-42847922) | Orexin-2 receptor antagonist | Major depressive disorder | Phase III | NCT04513922 | Recourt et al. (2019) |
| Relamorelin | Ghrelin receptor agonist | Depression with gastroparesis | Phase II | NCT03751620 | Patel et al. (2023) |
| Vilazodone | Serotonin reuptake inhibitor and 5-HT1A partial agonist | Major depressive disorder | Phase IV (approved) | NCT03030180 | Sinha et al. (2021) |
| Vortioxetine | Serotonin modulator and stimulator | Major depressive disorder | Phase IV (approved) | NCT03829100 | Connolly et al. (2016) |