Table 2.
DNA methylation and Alzheimer’s disease.
| Gene/ protein |
Function | Mechanism | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tau | Protecting from AD | Regulating microtubules and neuronal structure, promoting NFTs formation. | (159) |
| VCP | Impacting AD progression | Methylation at specific CpG sites, impacting cellular maintenance and functions, including autophagy, chromatin remodeling and DNA repair | (168) |
| LST1 | Enhancing inflammation in AD |
Negative regulatory function in leukocyte signaling | (168) |
| APOE*ϵ4 | Genetic risk factor related to AD risk | Promoting Aβ accumulation | (238) |
| TMEM39A | Genetic markers related to AD risk | Affecting sex-specific susceptibility | (169) |
| TNXB | Genetic markers related to AD risk | Affecting sex-specific susceptibility | (169) |