Table 4.
Correlation between depression variables
| Variable | Physical activity | Sleep time | Changes in media usage time | Change in family relationships | Change in friendship | Changes in teacher relationships | Subjective state of health | Depressed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical activity† | ||||||||
| Sleep time† | 0.018*** | |||||||
| Changes in media usage time‡ | -0.103*** | 0.053*** | ||||||
| Change in family relationships‡ | 0.049*** | 0.030*** | -0.102*** | |||||
| Change in friendship‡ | 0.060*** | 0.008*** | -0.168*** | 0.201*** | ||||
| Changes in teacher relationships‡ | 0.060*** | 0.013*** | -0.194*** | 0.160*** | 0.310*** | |||
| Subjective state of health‡ | 0.180*** | 0.033*** | -0.283*** | 0.176*** | 0.234*** | 0.206*** | ||
| Depressed | -0.053*** | -0.080*** | 0.227*** | -0.159*** | -0.169*** | -0.128*** | -0.334*** | |
| M±SD | 1.83±1.05 | 3.17±0.79 | 3.81±0.83 | 3.04±0.60 | 2.91±0.61 | 2.91±0.48 | 2.70±0.68 | 3.68±5.15 |
***p<0.001; †physical activity and sleep time on a 4-point scale; ‡changes in media (Internet and smartphone) usage time, changes in family relationships due to COVID-19, changes in friends relationships due to COVID-19, changes in relationships with teachers due to COVID-19, and subjective health changes compared to before the outbreak of COVID-19 were scored as 5 points standard. COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; M, mean; SD, standard deviation