Table 6.

Nerve Block Techniques Used in Various Surgeries

Nerve Block Technique	Indications	Advantages	Limitations
Quadratus Lumborum Block (QLB)	Flank surgeries, lower abdominal surgeries, hip surgery	Pain relief after flank, lower abdominal, and hip surgeries	Adverse effects of local anesthetics, including muscle weakness, toxicity, and infection
Paravertebral Block	Major abdominal or thoracic surgeries, chronic pain management	Effective pain relief	Higher risk of complications compared to other techniques; risks include pulmonary hemorrhage
Epidural Analgesia	Major abdominal or thoracic surgeries, Cesarean sections	Continuous pain relief	Higher risk of infections compared to other techniques; typically placed before surgery
Erector Spinae Plane Block (ESPB)	Upper abdominal surgeries, spinal surgeries, hip surgery	Effective pain management	Risks include bleeding, infection, pain at the injection site, and local anesthetic toxicity

Notes: Nerve block techniques like QLB, Paravertebral Block, Epidural Analgesia, and ESPB are used to provide effective pain relief for various surgical procedures, but each method carries specific risks that require careful monitoring during and after implementation.