Table 3.

Postoperative reported rehabilitation protocols.

Reference	Patient characteristics	Rehabilitation protocol
(24)	Cuff tear arthropathy (n = 47) Massive cuff tear (n = 20) Failed cuff repair (n = 28) Primary osteoarthritis (n = 21) Fracture sequelae (n = 20) Acute fracture (n = 3) Rheumatoid arthritis (n = 4) Post-instability osteoarthritis (n = 3)	Postoperative rehabilitation after a lateralized BIO-RSA was not altered from that after a standard (medialized) RSA. A sling was worn for 3–4 weeks, and passive ROM was started on postoperative day 1. Pendulum exercises were performed 5 times a day, for 5 min per session. After 4 weeks, formal physical therapy was started, with no heavy lifting until 3 months postoperatively. Return to all types of activities, including gardening, swimming, and golf, was permitted at 3 months postoperatively.
(6)	Neglected anterior glenohumeral dislocation and concomitant rotator cuff deficiency (n = 21)	Postoperatively, passive physiotherapy with an abduction splint was prescribed for 6 weeks, followed by active mobilization. Strength exercises were restricted for 3 months postoperatively to protect the bone graft
(5)	3- or 4-part proximal humerus fracture 2-part fracture associated with humeral head splitting 2-part proximal fracture involving the greater tuberosity associated with a history of painful shoulder related to a degenerative long-standing rotator cuff tear All patients sustained a traumatic shoulder dislocation associated with an anterior glenoid rim fracture	Postoperatively, patients were placed in a sling for six weeks. Passive motion with flexion to 90 degrees and external rotation to 30 degrees is started after 3 weeks in the supine position. Active-assisted motion in all planes is initiated starting at week 6.
(3)	Primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis with significant posterior glenoid bone loss and intact rotator cuff (n = 29)	`All shoulders were immobilized with a sling and abduction pillow for 4–6 weeks, coming out of the sling 3 times a day to do pendulum, elbow, wrist, and hand exercises. Patients were also allowed to come out of the sling for hygiene. The hand could be utilized for simple tasks; however, no active lifting was allowed. After 4–6 weeks, the sling was discontinued, physical therapy consisting of gradual range of motion and progressive strengthening exercises was initiated, and progression of activities as tolerated was allowed.
(4)	Patient who underwent primary RSA with no glenoid bone loss were included (the research was focused on the effect of lateralizing the center of rotation)	Postoperatively, the arm was placed in a sling for 4 weeks. Passive elevation and external rotation were allowed immediately after the operation. After 4 weeks, the sling was discontinued, and active ROM was initiated. Activities of daily living were progressed, but strengthening was not specifically recommended